《生命科学》 2025, 37(11): 1430-1438

我国符合伦理的人体器官捐献和移植工作体系建设与发展

李智霞 , 霍　枫^*

中国人民解放军南部战区总医院肝胆外科，广州 510010

摘　要：

近20 年我国人体器官捐献和移植改革取得了巨大成就。自2015 年1 月公民自愿捐献成为移植器官唯一来源以来，不仅器官移植数量屡创新高，每百万人口遗体器官捐献率不断攀升，而且人体器官捐献志愿登记数量也逐年增多。这些成就不仅得益于国家人体器官捐献和移植的改革，更得益于我国符合伦理的人体器官捐献与移植工作体系的建设和完善。本文系统地综述了我国人体器官捐献与移植事业改革发展和相关工作体系建设情况，并结合临床实际存在的伦理难题，探讨未来发展需要把握的方向, 为我国人体器官捐献和移植事业高质量可持续发展提供参考。

通讯作者：霍　枫 , Email:gzhuofeng@163.com

The construction and development of China's ethical organ donation and transplantation system

LI Zhi-Xia , HUO Feng^*

Hepatobiliary Surgery Department, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, China

Abstract:

Over the past two decades, China has achieved remarkable progress in reforming its human organ donation and transplantation practices. Since January 2015, when voluntary citizen donations became the sole legal source of transplant organs, the number of organ transplants has consistently reached record highs. Concurrently, the cadaveric organ donation rate per million population and the registration rate of voluntary organ donors have shown sustained growth. These accomplishments are attributed not only to national reforms in organ donation and transplantation, but also to the establishment and refinement of an ethically compliant human organ donation and transplantation system in China. This article systematically reviews the reform and development of China's organ donation and transplantation initiatives, as well as the construction of related institutional frameworks. It further addresses ethical challenges encountered in clinical practice and explores future directions to ensure high-quality, sustainable development in this field, providing insights for advancing China's organ  donation and transplantation endeavors.

Communication Author：HUO Feng , Email:gzhuofeng@163.com