《生命科学》 2025, 37(5): 522-539
环境因素对植物与病原菌互作的影响
摘 要：
自然界病原微生物导致的植物病害严重危害作物的生长与产量，威胁现代农业和粮食安全。植物病害的发生由宿主植物、病原菌和环境几个因素的互作共同决定。过去多年植物分子病理领域的研究多聚焦于植物免疫和病原菌致病因子的相互作用，相比之下，虽然环境因素对植物病害有深远影响，其背后的机制研究还处于起步阶段。在全球气候变化背景下，环境条件的变化( 如气温升高、大气二氧化碳浓度增加、降水模式改变以及土壤盐分上升等) 不仅直接影响植物生长，还通过复杂机制改变植物与病原菌的互作关系。研究表明，非生物和生物环境因子会对植物免疫系统和病原菌的毒力策略产生深远影响。本文综述了不同环境因子影响植物病害的研究和相关机理，为增强植物应对气候变化的能力提供科学依据与指导。
通讯作者：辛秀芳 , Email:xinxf@cemps.ac.cn
Abstract:
Plants are in constant threat of attacks by pathogenic microorganisms during their life cycle, which could lead to severe plant diseases and dampening of crop yield. The occurrence of plant diseases is determined by the interactions among host plants, pathogens and environmental factors. Over the past decades, the molecular interplay between plants and pathogens were extensively studied. In contrast, despite the profound influence of environmental factors on plant diseases, its mechanisms are just beginning to be elucidated. In particular, at the era of global climate change, altered climate factors such as higher air temperature and atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, precipitation patterns and elevated soil salinity not only directly affect plant growth but also severely affect the interactions between plants and pathogens through complex mechanisms. Emerging research in this field has shown that both abiotic and biotic environmental factors profoundly influence plant immune systems and pathogen virulence strategies. This review summarizes the effects of different environmental factors on plant diseases and their underlying mechanisms, providing scientific insights and guidance to future enhancement of plant resilience under adverse environmental conditions.
Communication Author：XIN Xiu-Fang , Email:xinxf@cemps.ac.cn
