单倍体胚胎干细胞的获得与应用前景
张 映,周 琪*
(中国科学院动物研究所干细胞与生殖生物学国家重点实验室,北京 100101)

摘 要:摘 要:单倍体细胞在遗传筛选、生物发育与辅助生殖等研究中都具有重要的应用价值。近年来,有实验室建立了哺乳动物的单倍体胚胎干细胞系,但这些单倍体胚胎干细胞是否真的具有多能性以及转基因的单倍体胚胎干细胞能否直接从细胞水平传递到动物水平,这些问题并不清楚。以自然科学基金委重大研究计划为依托,周琪实验室开展了系统的研究,获得了一系列前沿性进展:获得了具有多能性的单倍体胚胎干细胞;利用单倍体胚胎干细胞获得基因修饰动物;利用单倍体胚胎干细胞替代精、卵结合获得后代;利用单倍体胚胎干细胞进行同性生殖;利用单倍体胚胎干细胞研究物种间杂交。这一系列自主创新的研究成果推进了整个领域对单倍体胚胎干细胞的认识,大大拓展了单倍体胚胎干细胞研究的理论价值和应用前景。现主要对自然科学基金委重大研究计划中周琪实验室的原创性工作进行综述。

The establishment and prospect of haploid embryonic stem cells
ZHANG Ying, ZHOU Qi*
(State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology,
    Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China)

Abstract: Abstract: Haploid embryonic stem cells (haESCs) play pivotal roles in genetic screening, biological development and assisted reproductive technology, yet the pluripotency and transgenic animal of haESCs are remained elusive.Supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, we have carried out systemic research centering on haploid embryonic stem cells. We have established haploid embryonic stem cells with pluripotency, produced live transgenic mice and bimaternal offspring using haploid embryonic stem cells, and generated mouse-rat allodiploid embryonic stem cells. These studies have led to a better understanding and prospect of haploid embryonic stem cells. In this article, we summarize our original works funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

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