《生命科学》 2009, 21(2): 181-188

脑网络：从脑结构到脑功能

蒋田仔*，刘　勇，李永辉

中国科学院自动化研究所，模式识别国家重点实验室，LIAMA计算医学研究中心，北京 100190

摘　要：摘　要：越来越多的证据表明脑连接反映了信息在脑内的处理过程，但是，到目前未知，我们还没有完全理解脑连接和脑内信息动态处理之间的复杂关系。本文从脑结构到脑功能方面介绍了从不同模态影像学数据构造脑网络的主要进展。我们首先给出了网络的基本定义，然后分别介绍了利用DTI构造结构网络，利用fMRI构造功能网络的方法。随后，我们探讨了不同的脑疾病患者(特别是阿尔茨海默病和精神分裂症）脑网络拓扑结构是否发生了异常，最后对本领域未来的研究做了简单的展望。
关键词：弥散张量成像；功能磁共振成像；复杂脑网络

Brain networks: from anatomy to dynamics

JIANG Tian-zi*， LIU Yong， LI Yong-hui

LIAMA Center for Computational Medicine， National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition， Institute of Automation， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Beijing 100190， China

Abstract: Abstract: Convergent evidence has shown that the brain抯 connectivity influences its information processing， but so far we do not have a real understanding of the relationship between connectivity and the resulting neural dynamics. Modern brain imaging technologies are playing essential role in our understanding of brain information processing. This paper covers anatomical and functional networks at different scales. We first present the basic concepts of brain networks. Then anatomical brain networks based on DTI and their applications in brain disorders are presented. After that， functional brain networks at rest based on fMRI are discussed in detail. We will also present some new findings on abnormalities of functional connectivity and networks of human brain with neurological and psychiatric diseases， especially Alzheimer抯 diseases， Schizophrenia， and so on. Finally， some perspective and future research directions are touched.
Key words: brain anatomy; brain dynamics; brain networks