《生命科学》 2025, 37(12): 1659-1666

物种“反灭绝”技术的进展与挑战

林剑青^* , 卢文韬 , 龙新锐

汕头大学理学院，海洋科学研究院/生物学系，汕头大学省市共建海洋灾害预警与防护广东省重点实验室，汕头515063

摘　要：

“反灭绝”(de-extinction) 是指创造一个类似于灭绝物种的替代物种，以恢复因为物种灭绝而丢失的生态功能或过程。目前，主要的“反灭绝”技术包括反向繁育、克隆，以及基因组工程。上述三种技术手段均无法完全复原与灭绝物种完全一致的个体，物种复活项目的可行性和必要性也面临很大的争议。本综述通过对物种复活技术原理、使用范围、发展历史、技术优势和局限性进行综述，希望能够借助对反灭绝的关注，唤起人们对生物多样性保护的关注，也希望反灭绝技术的不断进步能给人类和自然的健康带来新的福祉。

通讯作者：林剑青 , Email:linjianqing@stu.edu.cn

Advancements and challenges in de-extinction technologies

LIN Jian-Qing^* , LU Wen-Tao , LONG Xin-Rui

Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Institute of Marine Science/ Department of Biology, College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China

Abstract:

De-extinction refers to the concept of creating a proxy species that functions as an equivalent to an extinct species, capable of restoring ecological functions or processes lost due to the extinction of the original species. There are three categories of de-extinction technologies: back-breeding, cloning, and genome engineering. In reality, none of these three methods can fully recreate individuals identical to the extinct species, and the feasibility and necessity of de-extinction projects remain highly controversial. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the principles, applications, historical development, technical advantages, and limitations of de-extinction technologies. By highlighting the attention on species revival efforts, it aims to raise public awareness about biodiversity conservation. Furthermore, it underscores the potential of advancing technologies in de-extinction to bring renewed well-being for both humanity and natural ecosystems.

Communication Author：LIN Jian-Qing , Email:linjianqing@stu.edu.cn