《生命科学》 2025, 37(11): 1392-1399

围绕胚胎研究“体外培养14天规则”的伦理争议

翟立昕^1,2 , 王国豫^1,2,*

¹复旦大学哲学学院，上海 200433 ²复旦大学科技伦理与人类未来研究院，上海 200433

摘　要：

“体外培养14 天规则”被国际生命科学研究认定为胚胎研究伦理准则。随着早期发育模型和体外培养技术的突破，该规则的科学基础与规范功能受到前所未有的挑战。文章在回顾该规则的形成背景、原条节点的生物学意义及其制度化逻辑的基础上，系统梳理了围绕“14 天”的伦理争论及其理论依据。分析指出，“体外培养14 天规则”作为研究上限，更多地是一种特殊历史条件下的“权宜性”伦理规范，而非一成不变的道德分水岭。

通讯作者：王国豫 , Email:wguoyu@fudan.edu.cn

Rethinking the ethical challenges of the “14-day rule” in embryo research

ZHAI Li-Xin^1,2 , WANG Guo-Yu^1,2,*

¹School of Philosophy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China ²Institute of Technology Ethics for Human Future, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China

Abstract:

The “14-day rule” for in vitro culture has been established as an ethical guideline for embryonic research  within international life sciences. With breakthroughs in early developmental modelling and in vitro culture techniques, the scientific basis and regulatory function of this rule face unprecedented challenges. This article systematically reviews the ethical debates surrounding the “14-day” threshold and their theoretical underpinnings, building upon an examination of the rule's historical context, the biological significance of the original 14-day milestone, and its institutionalisation logic. The analysis concludes that the “14-day rule for in vitro culture”functions primarily as a research upper limit -- a pragmatic ethical norm forged under specific historical conditions rather than an immutable moral watershed.

Communication Author：WANG Guo-Yu , Email:wguoyu@fudan.edu.cn