《生命科学》 2025, 37(10): 1240-1250

电活性生物膜性能的提升策略

叶　银^1,2 , 周顺桂² , 刘　星^2,*

¹武夷学院生态与资源工程学院，武夷山 354300 ²福建农林大学资源与环境学院，福州 350002

摘　要：

生物电化学系统(bioelectrochemical system, BES) 是以电活性生物膜(electroactive biofilm, EAB) 为催化核心的前沿技术，在绿色清洁能源开发、污水处理、环境污染修复、生物传感、生物腐蚀防护及高值化学品生物合成等方面发挥着重要作用，已成为环境、能源领域的研究热点与前沿。然而，EAB 形成与生长过程中通常存在成膜困难、胞外电子传递效率低、代谢活性无法长期维持等问题，从而严重制约了BES的实际应用。本文基于EAB 全生长周期的四个阶段( 附着、聚集、生长、成熟)，归纳了促进EAB 起始形成( 附着、聚集) 的策略，增强生长期EAB 与电极间电子传递效率的方法，维持成熟期EAB 代谢活性的途径；将为优化EAB 性能提供启示，有助于推动BES 的实际应用与可持续发展。

通讯作者：刘　星 , Email:xingliu@fafu.edu.cn

Strategies for improving the performance of electroactive biofilm

YE Yin^1,2 , ZHOU Shun-Gui² , LIU Xing^2,*

¹College of Ecology and Resources Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, China ²College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China

Abstract:

Bioelectrochemical system (BES) is a cutting-edge technology in which electroactive biofilm (EAB) is the catalytic core. It plays important roles in green and clean energy development, sewage treatment, environmental pollution remediation, biosensing, biological corrosion protection and high-value chemical biosynthesis, and has become research hotspot and frontier in the field of environment and energy. However, the formation and growth of EAB are usually accompanied by problems such as difficulty in biofilm formation, low efficiency of extracellular electron transport, and inability to maintain long-term metabolic activity, all of which seriously restrict the practical applications of BES. Based on the four stages of EAB life cycle (attachment, aggregation, growth and maturation), this review summarizes in detail strategies to promote the initial formation of EAB (attachment and aggregation), methods to enhance the electron transfer efficiency between EAB and electrode in the growth stage of EAB, and ways to maintain the metabolic activity of EAB in the mature stage, which will provide enlightenments for optimizing the performance of EAB and help to promote the practical applications and sustainable development of BES.

Communication Author：LIU Xing , Email:xingliu@fafu.edu.cn