《生命科学》 2025, 37(7): 808-817

噬菌体疗法的研究现状及前景

吴庄怡 , 莘佳怡 , 王艳丽^*

中国科学院生物物理研究所，北京 100101

摘　要：

抗生素的过度使用导致细菌耐药性问题日益严重，而噬菌体疗法作为一种潜在的替代方案受到广泛关注。临床研究表明，噬菌体疗法对多重耐药菌感染具有显著疗效，尤其在噬菌体鸡尾酒疗法和噬菌体-抗生素联合治疗中表现出色。然而，噬菌体疗法仍面临诸多挑战，包括天然噬菌体狭窄的宿主谱和快速进化的病原菌免疫系统等。通过对噬菌体基因组进行改造，扩大噬菌体的宿主范围，增强裂解能力，能够提高噬菌体治疗效果，这也促进了噬菌体基因工程技术的发展。此外，靶向药物递送等前沿领域也为抗菌治疗提供了新的思路。

通讯作者：王艳丽 , Email:ylwang@ibp.ac.cn

Current developments and future trends in phage therapy

WU Zhuang-Yi , XIN Jia-Yi , WANG Yan-Li^*

Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

Abstract:

Antimicrobial resistance due to antibiotic overuse is a growing crisis, consequently, one of the alternatives, bacteriophage therapy, has drawn wide concern. Clinical studies indicate its effectiveness against multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, especially when multiple phages or phage-antibiotic combinations were used as therapeutic agents. However, phage therapy faces several challenges, including the narrow host spectrum of natural phage and the rapidly evolved immune system of pathogenic bacteria. Increasing phage therapeutic efficiency by broadening its host range and enhancing the lysis capability has driven the developments of phage genetic engineering technology. Additionally, other advanced research related to phage therapy, like targeted delivery of phage, provides new insights into treating bacterial infections.

Communication Author：WANG Yan-Li , Email:ylwang@ibp.ac.cn