《生命科学》 2025, 37(1): 16-25
人工智能驱动生命科学研究发展的新态势
摘 要：
生命现象具有其独特的复杂性和多样性，从分子到生态系统的多个层级相互关联且规律独特，每个层次又都形成了庞大的数据网络。面对这种复杂性和多样性，2024 年以来人工智能(AI) 与生命科学的融合进一步深化，极大地促进了海量、多维度、异质化的生命科学数据的处理与解析，为揭示其中隐藏的模式和规律、更深入地理解生命本质提供了有力支撑，并推动了研究范式的革新、新理论的发现以及新应用场景的拓展。本文结合近年来尤其是2024 年以来的研究新进展，重点说明了人工智能的引入如何促进“数据驱动”与“假说驱动”研究范式的深度融合，如何推动“理论研究”与“实验研究”之间的耦合发展，如何创造“‘干’‘湿’结合”的场景深化。在此基础上，本文还对人工智能驱动生命科学研究发展的新态势进行了展望。
通讯作者：郑明月 , Email:myzheng@simm.ac.cn 陈大明 , Email:chendaming@sinh.ac.cn
Abstract:
Life phenomena possess unique complexity and diversity, with multiple levels from molecules to ecosystems being interrelated and following distinctive patterns. Each level has formed vast data networks. Faced with such complexity and diversity, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with life sciences has been further enhanced since 2024. It has significantly facilitated the processing and analysis of massive, multi-dimensional, and heterogeneous life science data, providing strong support for revealing the hidden patterns and laws therein and enabling a deeper understanding of the nature of life. Moreover, it has driven the innovation of research paradigms, the discovery of new theories, and the expansion of new application scenarios. This paper, based on recent research progress, especially since 2024, focuses on illustrating how the introduction of AI promotes the in-depth fusion of "data-driven" and "hypothesis-driven" research paradigms, how it advances the coupled development of "theoretical research" and "experimental research", and how it creates scenarios that deepen the combination of "dry" (computational) and "wet" (experimental) methods. On this basis, the paper also presents an outlook on the new trends in life sciences research driven by artificial intelligence.
Communication Author：ZHENG Ming-Yue , Email:myzheng@simm.ac.cn CHEN Da-Ming , Email:chendaming@sinh.ac.cn
