《生命科学》 2024, 36(10): 1213-1225
卡尔文-本森-巴萨姆循环的调节
摘 要：
光合碳还原循环或卡尔文- 本森- 巴萨姆(CBB) 循环是光合自养生物的核心碳反应，每年固定约百亿吨的CO2，是无机碳转变为有机碳的主要途径。提高这个循环的固碳效率是提高作物产量的有效途径之一。该循环是由11 个酶催化的13 步反应构成的代谢网络，循环每进行一次固定一分子CO2。在过去的几十年里，构建的反义与过表达转基因植株揭示了关键酶对循环的调控作用，成为光合作用研究领域的前沿热点与重要改造靶点。本文系统综述该循环途径以及中间代谢物与产物的利用，以及11 个反应酶和非酶因素对循环的调控作用，重点阐述核酮糖-1,5- 二磷酸羧化酶/ 加氧酶(Rubisco) 对循环及自身活性的调控，最后展望和讨论了CBB 循环未来的研究。
通讯作者：刘翠敏 , Email:cmliu@genetics.ac.cn
Abstract:
The Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle is the central carbon reaction path in autotrophs, assimilating a billion tons of CO2 every year and gatekeeping between the inorganic and organic phases of the global carbon cycle. Ameliorating CBB cycle efficiency is one promising strategy to increase crop yields. The CBB cycle is a complicated metabolic network including 13 steps catalyzed by 11 enzymes, in which one molecule of CO2 is fixed per cycle. In the last decades, antisense and overexpression transgenic plants have been generated and used to ascertain the extent of individual enzymes in regulating the rate of carbon fixation. The regulation of the CBB cycle has become a hotspot and important target in the field of photosynthesis research. This review provides a systematic summary of the cycle pathways and the utilization of circulating intermediate metabolites and products. The regulation of circulation by 11 core enzymes and non-enzymatic factors is elaborated upon, especially the regulation by rebulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) on the cycle and its own activity. At the end, the future of the CBB cycle research is prospected and discussed.
Communication Author：LIU Cui-Min , Email:cmliu@genetics.ac.cn
