《生命科学》 2024, 36(9): 1149-1159

高等植物捕光天线蛋白的NPQ调控机制及其优化

阮美霞¹ , 朱新广^1,2 , 翁羽翔^1,*

¹中国科学院物理研究所，北京 100190 ²中国科学院分子植物科学卓越创新中心，上海 200032

摘　要：

非光化学猝灭(non-photochemical quenching, NPQ) 是植物应对强光和过量光的一种光保护状态。NPQ 状态和捕光状态之间的切换与光辐照强度涨落的动态匹配是提高光合效率的一种新途径，阐明NPQ发生的分子机制对于通过基因工程优化NPQ 过程从而提高农作物产量具有重要意义。NPQ 主要发生在主要捕光天线蛋白LHCII (major light-harvesting complex II) 上，它们在捕光状态与NPQ 状态间的切换速率主要受PsbS 蛋白 (photosystem II subunit S) 以及叶黄素循环的调控。本文简要介绍LHCII 在温度、酸度诱导下在捕光状态和NPQ 状态间可逆切换的变构调控机制，以及叶黄素循环和PsbS 的调控作用，以期为提高光合效率和农业产出提供理论基础和新思路。

通讯作者：翁羽翔 , Email:yxweng@iphy.ac.cn

NPQ regulation mechanism and optimization of light harvesting complex in higher plants

RUAN Mei-Xia¹ , ZHU Xin-Guang^1,2 , WENG Yu-Xiang^1,*

¹Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China ²Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China

Abstract:

Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) is a photoprotective state that plants employ to deal with strong and excessive light. Currently, dynamic matching between the switch in NPQ and light harvesting state and fluctuation in light irradiation intensity, is a novel way to boost photosynthetic efficiency. Studies on the molecular mechanism of NPQ are extremely important for developing transgenic plants that regulate the NPQ process in order to increase agricultural output. NPQ mainly occurs at LHCII (major light-harvesting complex II), and the switching rate between light harvesting state and NPQ state is mainly regulated by PsbS and the xanthophyll cycle. This work briefly describes the allosteric regulation mechanism of LHCII, which reversibly switches between light harvesting and NPQ states in response to temperature and acidity, as well as the regulation of PsbS and xanthophyll cycle, with the goal of providing a theoretical foundation and novel ideas for increasing photosynthetic efficiency and agricultural productivity.

Communication Author：WENG Yu-Xiang , Email:yxweng@iphy.ac.cn