《生命科学》 2022, 34(8): 957-964

人工智能在肿瘤领域的作用与潜力

郭昕哲¹ , 高亦博^2,* , 赫　捷²

¹中国医学科学院肿瘤医院，国家癌症中心，转化医学实验室，北京 100021 ²中国医学科学院肿瘤医院，国家癌症中心，胸外科，北京 100021

摘　要：

科技的进展使得人们有越来越有效的手段应对癌症。人工智能技术是高速发展的计算机科学技术的结晶，其在肿瘤相关领域的应用有望进一步改善肿瘤的诊断和治疗。人工智能技术能够通过病灶识别进行肿瘤早期筛查，有效预防肿瘤疾病；能够通过提取病灶特征并加以演算处理的方式，无创鉴别肿瘤的良恶性；还能够辅助计算体内肿瘤负荷，判断肿瘤的突变状态。然而，人工智能算法在临床实践中的应用尚不成熟，在医生、患者中的接受度均有待提高，并且在肿瘤诊疗过程中存在许多医学伦理学问题。该文分别从肿瘤筛查、突变判断、病灶分析、疗效评估和患者随访等方面介绍了人工智能在其中发挥的作用和展现的潜力，并讨论了目前的人工智能肿瘤辅助系统亟待解决的若干问题。

通讯作者：高亦博 , Email:gaoyibo@cicams.ac.cn

Usage and potential of artificial intelligence in oncology

GUO Xin-Zhe¹ , GAO Yi-Bo^2,* , HE Jie²

¹Laboratory of Translational Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China ²Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China

Abstract:

Advances in technology during the past few decades have enabled people to have more and more effective ways to cope with cancer. The emergence of artificial intelligence technology results from the rapid development of computer science and technology, and the application of artificial intelligence in oncology is expected to further improve the diagnosis and treatment of tumors. Artificial intelligence technology can perform tumor early screening through lesion identification, in order to prevent tumor diseases; it is a non-invasive method of identifying benign and malignant tumors by extracting their characteristics and performing arithmetic processing; it can also assist in the calculation of tumor load in vivo and detect the mutation status of tumors. However, there are still problems to be solved with the application of artificial intelligence in clinical practice. The acceptance among doctors and patients needs to be improved, and there are ethical issues during tumor diagnosis and treatment. This article reviews the current role and potential of artificial intelligence in tumor early screening, mutation detection, prognosis analysis, therapeutic evaluation, and patient follow-up, and discusses major challenges of the usage of artificial intelligence in clinical practice.

Communication Author：GAO Yi-Bo , Email:gaoyibo@cicams.ac.cn