《生命科学》 2021, 33(3): 383-391

鱼类革兰氏阴性病原菌外膜蛋白疫苗的研究进展

武　瑶^1,2 , 李小艳^1,2 , 林潇可^1,2 , 林向民^1,2,*

¹福建农林大学生命科学学院，福州 350002 ²福建农林大学福建省农业生态过程与安全监控重点实验室，福州 350002

摘　要：

鱼类细菌性感染作为十分常见且危害严重的一类水产病害，严重阻碍了我国水产养殖业的发展，同时也造成了巨大经济损失，而免疫防治作为一种安全有效的防治方法，正逐步受到人们的关注。外膜蛋白作为革兰氏阴性菌外膜的主要组成成分，不仅在维持细菌正常生命活动中发挥着重要作用，同时具有较强的免疫原性及交叉免疫原性，可以作为潜在的免疫保护性抗原，在渔用疫苗的研发中具有广阔的应用前景。该文介绍了鱼类病原菌外膜蛋白的结构组成、种类功能、免疫原性等基本特性，对外膜蛋白在亚单位疫苗、DNA疫苗、多价多联疫苗及活载体疫苗等渔用疫苗中的应用进行了论述，并从疫苗佐剂应用及铁离子相关外膜蛋白研究等方面展开讨论，以期为外膜蛋白渔用疫苗研发提供参考。

通讯作者：林向民 , Email:xiangmin@fafu.edu.cn

Research progress of outer membrane protein vaccine of fish gram-negative pathogenic bacteria

WU Yao^1,2 , LI Xiao-Yan^1,2 , LIN Xiao-Ke^1,2 , LIN Xiang-Min^1,2,*

¹School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China ²Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China

Abstract:

As a common and serious aquatic disease, bacterial infection of fish has seriously hindered the development of aquaculture industry in China and caused huge economic losses. Immunization prevention and treatment as a safe and effective prevention method has gradually attracted people's attention. As the main component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, outer membrane protein (OMP) not only plays an important role in maintaining the normal life activities of bacteria, but also has strong immunogenicity and crossimmunogenicity.
Therefore, outer membrane protein can be used as a potential immune protective antigen and has a broad application prospect in the development of fishery vaccines. To provide reference and new research ideas for the development of OMP fishing vaccines, this review introduces the basic characteristics of OMPs of fish
pathogens, such as structure composition, category, function and immunogenicity. The application of OMPs in subunit vaccines, DNA vaccines, multivalent vaccines and live vector vaccines for fishery vaccines is also discussed. In addition, we discusse the application of vaccine adjuvants and iron-related OMPs.

 

Communication Author：LIN Xiang-Min , Email:xiangmin@fafu.edu.cn