《生命科学》 2020, 32(1): 16-28

表观遗传修饰在胰腺β细胞分化和功能中的作用

戴永国1， 2，寇　皓2， 3，桂淑霞1， 2，汪　晖1， 2，郭　喻1， 2*

(1 武汉大学基础医学院药理学系，武汉 430071；2 发育源性疾病湖北省重点实验室，武汉 430071；3 武汉大学中南医院药学部，武汉 430071)

摘　要：摘　要：表观遗传是指在不改变DNA 核苷酸序列的前提下，通过DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码RNA 等形式引起基因表达的可遗传性改变，并参与多种生命过程。最新研究发现，多种表观遗传修饰形式可影响胰腺β 细胞的发育和功能，从而导致糖代谢紊乱，在糖尿病的发生发展中起到了重要的作用。现将对β 细胞分化与功能中的表观遗传调控机制进行综述。

Roles of epigenetic modification in the differentiation and function of pancreatic β-cells

DAI Yong-Guo1，2， KOU Hao2，3， GUI Shu-Xia1，2， WANG Hui1，2， GUO Yu1，2*

(1 Department of Pharmacology， Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences， Wuhan 430071， China; 2 Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease， Wuhan 430071， China; 3 Department of Pharmacy， Zhongnan Hospital， Wuhan University， Wuhan 430071， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Epigenetics refers to the heritable changes in gene expression that are not directly encoded by alterations in the nucleotide DNA sequence of the genome but through DNA methylation， histone modification and non-coding RNA etc.. Epigenetic modification can be found in a variety of biological processes. Recent studies showed that multiple epigenetic modifications are involved in the development and function of pancreatic β-cells and may perturb glucose homeostasis， which contributes to the onset of diabetes. This article reviews the epigenetic mechanism underlying the differentiation and function of pancreatic β cells.