《生命科学》 2019, 31(9): 902-907

鱼类报警物质的研究进展

曹小龙1，2，3，张秋月1，2，3，李伟明4*

(1 上海海洋大学海洋生物科学国际联合研究中心(中国科学技术部)，上海 201306；2 上海海洋大学水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室，上海 201306；3 上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心，上海 201306；4 密歇根州立大学渔业与野生动物学系，密歇根 48824)

摘　要：摘　要：化学报警信号在鱼类的行为、生态以及与环境的互作中发挥重要作用，直接关系到鱼类的生存。根据释放条件的不同，可将鱼类化学报警信号分为焦虑物质和报警物质两种，两者均具有提醒同种个体躲避捕食风险的作用，功能上相互促进。截止目前，仅在少数几种鱼类中发现了焦虑物质，且化学本质未见报道，关于化学报警信号的研究主要集中在报警物质上。该文从报警物质的作用范畴、来源及化学特性方面，对鱼类报警物质的研究进展进行综述，以期为报警物质的进一步研究提供参考。

Recent research progress in fish alarm substances

CAO Xiao-Long1，2，3， ZHANG Qiu-Yue1，2，3， LI Wei-Ming4*

(1 International Research Center for Marine Bioscience of Ministry of Science and Technology， Shanghai Ocean University， Shanghai 201306， China; 2 Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources of Ministry of Education， Shanghai Ocean University， Shanghai 201306， China; 3 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education， Shanghai Ocean University， Shanghai 201306， China; 4 Michigan State University Department of Fisheries and Wildlife， East Lansing， MI 48824， USA)

Abstract: Abstract: Chemical alarm signals play an important role in fish behavior， ecology and interaction with the environment， and are vital to the survival of fishes. According to their release conditions， fish chemical alarm signals can be classified into disturbance cues and alarm substances. Both types of the cues can warn conspecific individuals of risk of predation. These two cues complement each other functionally. To date， disturbance cues have been documented in only a few fish species， and their chemical nature has not been reported. Researches on chemical alarm signals have been mainly focusing on alarm substances. This review introduces the research history and progress of fish alarm substances from three aspects: action category， origin， and chemical characteristics. Our goal is to provide a summary of references for further research on alarm substances.