《生命科学》 2019, 31(7): 686-692

转录水平调控中的负调控元件——沉默子

胡朝阳*，唐培培，邓炎春，孙伟娟，姚　勤

(江苏大学生命科学研究院，镇江 212013)

摘　要：摘　要：在真核生物、原核生物及病毒的基因组中存在着调控基因表达的顺式元件，沉默子是其中的一种负调控元件，它能够同反式因子协同作用，抑制靶基因的转录活性，在基因表达调控中发挥重要作用。该文主要对沉默子的特性、结构组成及其分类进行简要总结，对沉默子可能作用机制进行简要综述，最后展望沉默子在遗传工程及人类疾病治疗等领域的应用前景。

Silencer， a negative regulatory element in transcriptional regulation

HU Zhao-Yang*，TANG Pei-Pei， DENG Yan-Chun， SUN Wei-Juan， YAO Qin

(Institute of Life Sciences， Jiangsu University， Zhenjiang 212013， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Cis-elements regulating gene expression exist in eukaryotes， prokaryotes and viral genomes. Silencer is one of the negative regulatory elements， which can synergistically act with trans-factors to inhibit the transcriptional activity of target genes and play an important role in gene expression regulation. In this paper， the characteristics， structure and classification of silencer are briefly summarized. The possible mechanism by which silencer inhibits gene expression is briefly reviewed. Finally， the application prospect of silencer in the field of genetic engineering and human disease treatment is prospected.