《生命科学》 2017, 29(10): 1046-1051

哺乳动物早期胚胎发育及干细胞分化过程中的表观遗传调控研究

杨贤法1，2，3，景乃禾1，2，3*

(1 中国科学院上海生物化学与细胞生物学研究所，分子细胞科学卓越创新中心，细胞生物学国家重点实验室，上海 200031；2 中国科学院大学，北京 100864；3 上海科技大学生命科学与技术学院，上海 201210)

摘　要：摘　要：哺乳动物早期发育过程伴随着细胞的增殖、迁移以及细胞命运的层级特化。体外干细胞系在合适刺激下的定向分化可以部分模拟早期胚胎发育及细胞命运决定的历程。在细胞命运层级特化过程中，细胞通过多重调控机制协调全能性相关基因的维持及关闭、特定谱系关键基因的时空特异性表达，表观遗传调控在该过程中发挥着十分重要的作用。开展针对体内胚胎发育及体外干细胞定向分化过程中细胞命运决定表观调控机制的研究，将推动对发育生物学基本科学问题的认识，同时也将进一步推动再生医学的发展，最终服务于国家人口健康发展战略。

The epigenetic mechanism of cell fate determination during early embryo development and stem cell differentiation

YANG Xian-Fa1，2，3， JING Nai-He1，2，3*

(1 State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology， CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science， Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Shanghai 200031， China; 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences， Beijing 100864， China; 3 School of Life Science and Technology， ShanghaiTech University， Shanghai 201210， China)

Abstract: Abstract: During the early developmental process of mammalian embryo， cells proliferate rapidly， migrate extensively and cell fate will be finally determined. In vitro stem cells will differentiate into mature functional cells under proper stimuli， which partially recapitulate the process of cell fate determination in the embryo. Multiple regulatory mechanisms have been identified to be involved in the process of cell fate determination to regulate the expression of pluripotency genes and spatial-temporal distribution of lineage related genes. Epigenetic regulation has been reported as an important regulatory mechanism in ensuring the processing of cell fate determination. This article reviews the very recent progress in the study of epigenetic regulation of cell fate determination in stem cell-based and early embryo system， especially our efforts concerning this cutting edge field under the support from the key research plan of “Epigenetic Mechanisms of Cell Programming and Reprogramming” by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China.