《生命科学》 2017, 29(10): 992-999

精子形成中的表观遗传调控

康俊炎1，苟兰涛2，刘默芳1*

(1 中国科学院上海生物化学与细胞生物学研究所，上海 200031； 2 加州大学圣地亚哥分校细胞和分子医学系，美国CA 92093-0651)

摘　要：摘　要：精子形成是指单倍体球形精子细胞分化发育成为精子的过程。这一连续进程包含一系列复杂的生化事件和剧烈的形态变化，涉及顶体和尾部形成、组蛋白- 鱼精蛋白转换、细胞核压缩和细胞质丢弃等。近期研究发现，表观遗传调控在精子形成过程中发挥重要作用，对确保精子细胞正常发育和精子生成至关重要。现总结近期的相关研究进展，从DNA 甲基化和组蛋白修饰两个方面简介精子形成过程中的表观遗传调控功能和机制。

Epigenetic regulation in spermiogenesis

KANG Jun-Yan1， GOU Lan-Tao2， LIU Mo-Fang1*

(1 State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology， Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology，CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science， Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology，Chinese Academy of Sciences， University of Chinese Academy of Sciences， Shanghai 200031， China;2 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine， University of California， San Diego， La Jolla， CA 92093-0651， USA)

Abstract: Abstract: Spermiogenesis refers to the development of post-meiotic male germ cells in animals， in which male germ cells differentiate from haploid round spermatids to mature sperm. This dramatic differentiation process is known as a complex biochemical and morphological process， including acrosome and flagellum formation， histoneprotamine transition， nuclear condensation， cytoplasmic exclusion and etc. Recent studies indicate that epigenetic regulation plays important roles in maintaining normal spermatid development and functional sperm production. In this review， we summarize the recent progresses of the function and mechanisms of epigenetic regulation during spermiogenesis， including two main aspects， DNA methylation and histone modification.