《生命科学》 2005, 17(1): 64-68
摘 要：摘 要：禽流感(avian influenza，AI)是由禽流感病毒引起的一种严重危害畜牧业的急性传染病，特别是高致病性禽流感引起禽类的呼吸系统感染以及全身性败血症，死亡率极高。多年来，许多国家和地区都爆发过此病，造成巨大经济损失，而2004年亚洲爆发的H5N1亚型禽流感造成经济损失的同时还出现了众多的禽流感病毒直接感染人类、造成人员死亡病例，再一次把人类的目光转移向此病。AI抗原类型众多，变异频繁，不同的类型抗原之间无交叉反应，同时，病毒具有复杂的感染和复制机制以及复杂的传播网络等多种因素单独和/协同作用，导致高致病性禽流感防控困难。
关键词：高致病性禽流感；禽流感病毒；防控难点
Abstract: Abstract: Avian influenza(AI) is an acute infectious disease caused by avian influenza virus and threatens husbandry severely. The highly pathogenic AI violates the avian respiratory system even causes septicaemia of whole body and is closely related with a high animal mortality. AI attacks have economic impacts throughout many nations and regions of the world. The outbreak of a subtype AI virus， H5N1 infection occured in 2004 has been historically unprecedented in economic disruption for the agricultural sector and the appearance of several highly pathogenic subtypes viruses is invariably associated with high human morbidity and mortality. Therefore， avian influenza is becoming a focus of the global consideration. Many types of antigens， apace variation， devoid of cross-reaction between these types， the complicated mechanism of infectious replication and transmission and so on and their individual or synergic functions result in difficulty in the precaution and control of highly pathogenic avian influenza.
Key words: highly pathogenic avian influenza; AIV; difficulty in precaution
