《生命科学》 2017, 29(1): 31-42
摘 要：摘 要：胚胎与母体子宫第一次亲密接触并相互对话，进而建立起直接生理联系的过程被称为胚胎植入。这一过程的正常发生与否决定着胚胎能否继续发育和最终的妊娠结局。正常育龄妇女每个月经周期妊娠成功率只有30% 左右，其中近70% 的妊娠失败被认为是发生在胚胎植入环节。胚胎植入的成功发生需要具有植入能力的囊胚和处于接受态的子宫之间同步互作并建立起直接的生理联系。在临床的辅助生殖诊疗中，尽管形态正常的胚胎移植到子宫中，妊娠的成功率也只有50% 左右，这其中子宫接受态的异常被认为是一个很关键的、急需克服的限制因素。反之，更为可靠的胚胎质量判断标准是辅助生殖治疗研究中的另一个关键问题。针对子宫接受态建立和囊胚激活这两个决定胚胎植入成败的关键事件，阐述了胚胎植入领域近年来的研究进展，介绍了国内科学家在该领域所做的贡献，同时简要探讨了本领域发展面临的问题以及出路，以使读者能明晰胚胎植入这一重要生理过程发生的分子基础以及该领域面临的挑战和未来发展方向。
Abstract: Abstract: Embryo implantation involves the first physical and physiological interaction between the embryo and uterus， which determines the success of postimplantation conceptus development and term pregnancy outcome. During natural conception， an average rate of successful pregnancy occurring in a given menstrual cycle is limited to about 30%， and implantation failure has been considered as the major cause， reaching approximate 70%. Successful implantation requires synchronization between blastocysts achieving implantation competency and uteri entering a receptive state. In clinical IVF-ET practice， the pregnancy success rate was limited to about 50% even when morphological normal embryos were transferred， where defective uterine receptivity was proved to be one of the limiting factors. Meanwhile， it is also equally important to develop more reliable criteria for assessment of embryo quality in IVF-ET practice. This review summarizes recent progress in the field of embryo implantation， with a particular highlight in future challenge and direction.
