《生命科学》 2015, 27(10): 1292-1296

根结线虫毒性群体及其遗传变异机理研究进展

杨明星1，2#，史倩倩2#，朱萍萍2，贺字典1，茆振川2*

(1 河北科技师范学院，秦皇岛 066600；2 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所，农业部园艺作物生物与遗传改良重点实验室，北京 100081)

摘　要：摘　要：根结线虫是危害农业生产的主要病原物，应用抗性品种控制根结线虫是有效而安全的策略。然而，新的毒性线虫群体能够克服其抗性，对农业生产具有巨大潜在威胁。现分析了根结线虫的毒性种群的多样性、适应性代价及侵染特性，并从基因组可塑性、基因水平转移、转座子、表观遗传及效应子方面分析了遗传变异机制，最后论述了毒性根结线虫检测技术及防治策略，将为抗性品种的选育、抗性基因的持久利用提供重要理论依据。

Research on the micro-evolution of root-knot nematode virulence populations

YANG Ming-Xing1，2#， SHI Qian-Qian2#， ZHU Ping-Ping2， HE Zi-Dian1， MAO Zhen-Chuan2*

(1 Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology， Qinhuangdao 066600， China; 2 Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crops Biology and Genetic Improvement， Ministry of Agriculture， Institute of Vegetables and Flowers， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Beijing 100081， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are obligate parasites of major worldwide crops. Host resistance is the main approach used to control plant diseases in conventional agriculture， but the widespread use of host resistance selects for parasite individuals or populations that can overcome the host defense systems， which can lead to a great potential threat to agricultural production. We analyzed the diversity， fitness cost and the pathogenicity
    characteristics of the virulent populations， and discussed the virulence genetic variation mechanism about genome plasticity， horizontal gene transfer， transposon， epigenetic and of the effectors. Finally we introduced the detection
    technology and control strategy of the virulence root-knot nematodes. These will provide an important theoretical basis for breeding and durability strategy.