《生命科学》 2015, 27(7): 953-959

耳石微化学在海洋鱼类洄游类型和种群识别研究中的应用

熊　瑛1，2，刘洪波3，汤建华1，仲霞铭1，刘培廷1，杨　健2，3*，姜　涛2，陈婷婷2

(1 江苏省海洋水产研究所，南通 226007；2 南京农业大学无锡渔业学院，无锡 214081；3 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心长江中下游渔业生态环境评价和资源养护重点实验室，无锡 214081)

摘　要：摘　要：水环境中化学元素会有规律性地在鱼类耳石上沉积。耳石可作为生境“指纹”标签的独特属性使其更能有效地应用于鱼类资源时空动态的研究。现针对了解较少的海洋鱼类耳石微化学所涉及的主要元素，综述了Sr:Ca 值和多元素组合在这些鱼类生活史重建、迁移模式反演和资源种群识别上的研究进展。进展显示，海水中Sr:Ca 值的微小变化可以通过在海洋鱼类耳石中的元素积累而放大，有助于把握鱼类的种间差异或种内不同发育阶段个体的差异。耳石中多元素组合的分析，亦可有效解释海洋鱼类生活史不同阶段间的生境转换和洄游特征，甚至“破译”复杂的资源种群结构。耳石微化学在海洋鱼类养护研究上具有极大的潜力，相关研究需要在我国得到更多的重视和更大的支持。

Application of otolith microchemistry on reconstruction of migratory patterns and stock discrimination in marine fishes

XIONG Ying1， 2， LIU Hong-Bo3， TANG Jian-Hua1， ZHONG Xia-Ming1， LIU Pei-Ting1， YANG Jian2，3*， JIANG Tao2， CHEN Ting-Ting2

(1 Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute， Nantong 226007， China; 2 Wuxi Fisheries College， Nanjing Agricultural University， Wuxi 214081， China; 3 Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecological Environment Assessment and Resource Conservation in Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River， Freshwater Fisheries Research Center， Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences， Wuxi 214081， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Elements in ambient water regularly incorporate into fish otoliths. The extraordinary properties of habitat “fingerprint” tag， kept in otolith， provide this organ more advantages beyond traditional methods to investigate the spatial and temporal dynamics of fish resource. Unfortunately， few corresponding literature summaries is available for marine fish. Therefore， this paper reviewed the recent advances of Sr:Ca ratios and multi-elemental compositions on migratory pattern reconstruction and stock discrimination of marine fish， focused on the main elements involved in otolith microchemistry studies. Little variation in seawater Sr:Ca ratios can be considerably amplified in otoliths of marine fishes and facilitates to understand the interspecies differences and variations of one species at different ontogenetic stages. Besides， multi-elemental compositions in otolith can also be very useful to reveal fish habitat shifts， migration patterns and complex stock structures. Otolith microchemistry has widely applicable potentials in conservation studies of marine fish. More attentions and financial supports to corresponding research projects are needed in China.