《生命科学》 2014, 26(10): 1046-1050
摘 要：摘 要：乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus， HBV) 是一种嗜肝性DNA 病毒，感染后可导致急性和慢性肝炎，而慢性感染是导致肝硬化、肝癌和肝衰竭的主要病因。在乙型肝炎病毒复制、转录和相关疾病进程中，microRNA(miRNA) 扮演着重要的角色。乙型肝炎病毒感染肝细胞后能引起细胞内microRNA 表达谱的改变：一方面，microRNA 能促进乙型肝炎病毒的转录和诱导宿主细胞向肿瘤细胞转化；另一方面，microRNA 也能抑制乙型肝炎病毒包装和复制。重要的是，乙型肝炎病毒的感染能影响宿主血清microRNA 的表达。因此，这类特殊的microRNA 今后可成为乙型肝炎病毒相关疾病诊断的潜在生物标记物。将对乙型肝炎病毒与宿主microRNA 之间相互作用及其相关生物学效应作一综述。
Abstract: Abstract: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a small enveloped DNA virus which belongs to the Hepadnaviridae family. It can cause acute and chronic hepatitis， and the chronic infection can lead to a series of liver diseases. microRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in replication of HBV， and pathogenesis of HBV-related diseases. The expression profile of microRNAs in liver cells can be changed under HBV infection. On one hand， microRNA can promote transcription of HBV and induce the transformation from host cells to tumor cells; on the other hand， microRNA can suppress packaging and replication of HBV. More importantly， HBV infection can affect the expression of microRNAs in the host serum. Therefore， such special microRNA will become a potential diagnostic biomarker in the future.
