《生命科学》 2014, 26(9): 891-896

细胞质内模式识别受体及其抗病毒免疫研究

曹丽艳1，李广兴1，王克雄2，任玉东2，3*，任晓峰1*

(1 东北农业大学动物医学学院，哈尔滨 150030；2 哈尔滨动物生物制品国家工程研究中心
    有限公司，哈尔滨 150001；3 东北农业大学电气与信息学院，哈尔滨 150030)

摘　要：先天性免疫监视机制的核心是通过模式识别受体(pattern recognition receptors， PRRs) 识别病毒分子诱导抗病毒防御，使宿主免受感染。PRRs 表达在不同类型细胞的不同细胞区室，包括细胞膜、内体膜、溶酶体膜和胞质。病毒进入细胞区室后将被一个或多个模式识别受体所识别并激活机体的免疫反应。主要对细胞质内模式识别受体视黄酸诱导基因I 样受体(retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors， RLRs)、核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体(nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors， NLRs)、DEXDc 螺旋酶受体(DLRs) 及最近发现的DNA 模式识别分子——DAI(DNA-dependent activator of interferonregulatory factors) 识别病毒核酸并诱导I 型干扰素产生的分子机制作一综述。

Research of cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor and antiviral immunity

CAO Li-Yan1， LI Guang-Xing1， WANG Ke-Xiong2， REN Yu-Dong2，3*， REN Xiao-Feng1*

(1 College of Veterinary Medicine， Northeast Agricultural University， Harbin 150030， China; 2 Harbin National Engineering Research Center for Animal Biological Products Co.， Ltd.， Harbin 150001， China; 3 College of Electrical and Information， Northeast Agricultural University， Harbin 150030， China)

Abstract: Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)， which are key constitutors of innate immunity network， monitor the presence of viral molecules and induce antiviral defense to protect the host from infection. PRRs express in diverse cellular compartments of different types of cells， including cell membrane， endosome membrane， lysosome membrane and cytoplasmic matrix. Viruses gain access into cell compartments and are then under active recognition by one or more kinds of pattern recognition receptors. In this review， we focused on the recognition of viral nucleic acids and the molecular mechanisms of type I interferon (IFN) induction through retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs)， nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs)， DEXDc helicases (DLRs) and the more recently identified DNA-dependent activator of interferon-regulatory factors (DAI).