《生命科学》 2014, 26(6): 603-609

恐惧记忆消散的神经生物学机制研究进展

李　笛¹，王　芳^1，2，3，陈建国^1，2，3*

(1 华中科技大学同济医学院药理学系，武汉 430030；2 教育部神经系统重大疾病重点实验
    室，武汉 430030；3 湖北省药物靶点研究与药效学评价重点实验室，武汉 430030)

摘　要：恐惧消散被认为是一种通过形成新的抑制性学习来拮抗最初的恐惧记忆的复杂过程。目前，通过旨在促进恐惧消散的疗法治疗诸如焦虑症等神经精神疾病已在临床上取得了较好的疗效，因此，如何更有效持久地维持恐惧消散记忆具有重要的意义。围绕与恐惧记忆消散相关的脑区及恐惧记忆消散的分子机制进行阐述，有助于更深入地理解恐惧记忆消散相关的神经生物学机制，为后续研究提供新的方向。

The neurobiological basis of fear memory extinction

LI Di¹， WANG Fang^1，2，3， CHEN Jian-Guo^1，2，3*

(1 Department of Pharmacology， Tongji Medical College， Huazhong University of Science and Technology， Wuhan 430030， China; 2 Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases (HUST)， Ministry of Education of China， Wuhan 430030， China; 3 The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Researches and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province， Wuhan 430030， China)

Abstract: Extinction of fear is considered as a complex process about inhibiting the initial fear memory by learning a new inhibitory memory. Currently clinical treatment of mental illness has a better outcome by facilitation of fear extinction， thereby， it has important significance to make fear extinction more effective and long-lasting. This paper described the fear extinction-related brain areas and the potential molecular mechanisms. It is helpful to further understand the neurobiological mechanisms related to extinction of fear memory.