《生命科学》 2014, 26(5): 440-446

干旱能源植物的发掘与应用策略

杨廷雪，李学贤^*

(中国农业大学资环学院植物营养系，教育部植物-土壤相互作用重点实验室，北京 100193)

摘　要：随着人类社会的快速发展和对化石能源的不合理开采，化石能源整体可开采量锐减；另一方面，化石能源的大量使用造成日益凸显的环境污染问题，发展生物质能源对解决能源危机、促进社会可持续发展具有重要意义。囿于人口持续增长和粮食需求不断增加，发展能源植物的重要突破口在于大力开发不与粮食作物争地争水的干旱能源植物。因此，从能源植物概念及其意义入手，论述国内外干旱能源植物应用现状和在实际种植生产过程中存在的问题，综合分析适合作为干旱能源植物的新类型，进而提出干旱能源植物的应用策略。

Exploitation and application strategies of drought-resistant energy plants

YANG Ting-Xue， LI Xue-Xian^*

(Department of Plant Nutrition， College of Resource and Environmental Sciences， China Agricultural University， Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions， MOE， Beijing 100193， China)

Abstract: With rapid development of human society and uncontrolled mining of fossil energy resources， global reserve of fossil fuel is dropping quickly. On the other hand， overuse of fossil fuel causes increasingly serious environmental pollution problems. Thus， development of biomass energy resources is important to solve the energy crisis and maintain sustainable development of the globe. Due to continuously enlarging population and ever increasing food demand， a key step of development of energy plants is to screen drought-resistant energy plants that do not compete for the soil and water resources with food crops. Here， in this review， we define the energy plants and their energy values， and discuss the distribution and application of current drought-resistant energy plants and challenges of cultivation of these specific types of energy plants in the world. We further analyze new potential energy plant species with high water use efficiency， and then propose an overall application strategy of droughtresistant energy plants.