《生命科学》 2013, 25(8): 787-793

微体化石3D结构的同步辐射无损成像研究

黎　刚^1*，陈均远²，冼鼎昌¹，殷宗军²，Paul Tafforeau³

(1 中国科学院高能物理研究所北京同步辐射装置，北京 100049； 2 中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所古生物与地层学重点实验室，南京 210008； 3 欧洲同步辐射装置，格勒诺布尔 F-38043，法国)

摘　要：摘　要： 瓮安动物化石群是目前已知的最古老的多细胞动物化石群，其为代表的微体化石有很多重要的科学内涵有待揭示。然而，无损高分辨3D 成像方法的缺少长期制约着对微体化石的深入研究。同步辐射硬X 射线相衬显微断层成像(PC-SR-μCT) 具有高穿透性、高空间分辨率、高密度分辨率等优点。通过几年来的跨领域国际合作研究，我们发现PC-SR-μCT 非常适合无损高空间分辨率研究微体古生物化石的3D 结构，是微体化石研究的理想新手段。首先介绍PC-SR-μCT 方法及其在微体化石无损研究中的相关方法学，然后简介近几年PC-SR-μCT 在瓮安动物群微体化石研究中取得的主要成果。

Nondestructive investigation of the 3D structures of micron fossils using    synchrotron radiation imaging

LI Gang^1*， CHEN Jun-Yun²， XIAN Ding-Chang¹， YIN Zong-Jun²， Paul Tafforeau³

(1 Institute of High Energy Physics， Chinese Academy of Science， Beijing 100049， China; 2 State Key Laboratory of
    Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy， Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Nanjing
    210008， China; 3 European Synchrotron Radiation Facility， F-38043 Grenoble， France)

Abstract: Abstract: The Weng’an fossil fauna from Precambrian Doushantuo phosphates in Weng’an， China， have attracted great attention as the oldest fossil evidence yet found for multicellular animal life on Earth. There are rich important scientific connotations among the Weng'an Fauna fossils as a representative of the micron fossils. However， the potential of the micron fossil fauna has not been fully realized because of the scarcity of the high resolution nondestructive 3D methods. Phase-contrast based synchrotron radiation X-ray microtomography (PC-SR-μCT) has the advantages of high penetrability， high spatial resolution and high electron density resolution. In this paper， we present the methodology of the PC-SR-μCT and its application in micron fossil investigation， including the related methodology， the main scientific achievements and the problems to be resolved. PC-SR-μCT is an ideal tool to investigate the 3D structure of the micron fossils nondestructively.