摘 要：摘 要：胚胎干细胞及来源于骨髓、骨骼肌、血管、肝脏、皮肤、脂肪等组织器官的成体干细胞均有多向分化潜能。胚胎干细胞可分化为3个胚层的所有组织细胞。成体干细胞具有可塑性和转分化的潜能。在一定条件下，这些干细胞可被诱导分化为心肌细胞。成年心脏可能存在心肌干细胞，具有增殖和分化为包括跳动性心肌细胞的多种细胞的潜能。因此，干细胞可用于心肌细胞替代治疗，以替代死亡的心肌细胞，改善心脏功能，防治心肌梗塞后心衰、减少心肌重构等症状。本文对干细胞治疗心肌梗塞有关进展及问题作一综述。
关键词：胚胎干细胞；成体干细胞；心肌细胞；心肌干细胞；心肌梗塞；干细胞治疗；可塑性
Abstract: Abstract: Embryonic stem(ES) cells and adult stem cells derived from bone marrow,muscule,liver,skin ,adiposes and other tissues or organs are pluripotent. ES cells in vitro can differentiate into derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers when transferred to an in vitro environment, and have the ability to form any fully differentiated cells of the body. A series of remarkable studies suggested that adult stem cells undergo novel patterns of development named as transdifferentiation or plasticity. All of them can be induced into cardiomyocytes in a certain condition. There are potential adult cardiac stem cells(CSCs) which have the ability to proliferate and differentiate into various types of cells including beating cardiomyocytes,and suggest their possible role in cardiac repair.However, the role and characteristics of cardiac stem cells are uncertain.Cardiomyocytes derived from stem cells with the characteristics of mature cardiomyocytes can replace the cardiomyocytes of heart infraction, improve the function of heart infraction, prevent heart decline, reduce the heart remolding. This paper review the progresses and problems on stem cells therapy for heart infraction.
Key words: embryonic stem(ES) cells; adult stem cells; cardiomyocytes; cardiac stem cells(CSCs); heart infraction; stem cells therapy; plasticity
