《生命科学》 2026, 38(9): 1646-1657
血管内皮细胞的囊泡运输与稳态调控
摘 要：
血管内皮细胞位于血液循环与相邻组织之间，是关键的功能交互界面：一方面调控跨内皮物质交换与通透屏障以维持微环境稳定，另一方面通过信号转导参与血管张力、炎症反应及凝血稳态的调节。囊泡运输为上述过程提供动态支撑，通过膜脂与膜蛋白的内吞、回收与转运调节内皮表面分子组成及信号输出，从而实现跨内皮转运与通透性的可塑性控制。然而，不同血管床在结构、力学与功能需求上的差异，决定了囊泡运输的基本活动及其对刺激的响应方式并不一致；因此，炎症、缺血或代谢应激可在不同组织引发特异性的囊泡运输改变，进而导致内皮稳态失衡并形成差异化表型，最终塑造不同的血管反应模式与病理结局。基于此，从囊泡运输角度解析内皮稳态失衡，有助于构建解释血管病变组织异质性的机制框架，并为精准干预提供潜在靶点。
通讯作者：贾顺姬 , Email:jiasj@genetics.ac.cn
Abstract:
Vascular endothelial cells reside at the interface between blood circulation and surrounding tissues, serving as a central platform for functional crosstalk: on the one hand, they regulate transendothelial exchange and barrier permeability to maintain local microenvironmental homeostasis; on the other, they engage in the control of vascular tone, inflammatory responses, and hemostatic balance through signal transduction. Vesicular trafficking provides dynamic support for these processes by modulating endothelial surface composition and signaling output via the endocytosis, recycling, and transport of membrane lipids and proteins, thereby enabling plastic control of transendothelial transport and permeability. However, systematic differences among vascular beds in structure, mechanical forces, and functional demands lead to distinct basal trafficking activities and stimulus-response profiles. Accordingly, inflammatory, ischemic, or metabolic stress can induce tissue-specific alterations in vesicular trafficking, driving endothelial homeostatic imbalance and divergent phenotypes, ultimately shaping different vascular response patterns and pathological outcomes. Examining endothelial homeostatic disruption from the perspective of vesicular trafficking may help establish a mechanistic framework to explain the tissue heterogeneity of vascular disease and reveal potential targets for precision intervention.
Communication Author：JIA Shun-Ji , Email:jiasj@genetics.ac.cn
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