《生命科学》 2026, 38(3): 517-530

内源性大麻素系统介导的帕金森病的运动防治研究进展

刘淑敏 , 陈平^* , 张凯 , 黄柳婷 , 杨全 , 曾媛

吉首大学体育科学学院，吉首416000

摘　要：

内源性大麻素系统（endocannabinoid system，ECS）组分在基底神经节（basal ganglia，BG）中高度表达，并与多巴胺（dopamine，DA）、谷氨酸（glutamic acid，Glu）和γ-氨基丁酸（γ-aminobutyric acid，GABA）能信号传递系统相互作用。帕金森病（Parkinson’s disease，PD）状态下纹状体间接通路过度激活与ECS受损有关，通过ECS相关药物治疗可以改善PD状态下的运动功能障碍，以及发挥抗Glu兴奋性毒作用和神经保护作用。而不同的运动疗法在缓解P D相关运动功能障碍方面具有积极的作用，并影响内源性大麻素（ e n d o c a n n a b i n o i d s ， e C B s ） 、大麻素受体（cannabinoid receptor，CBR）及合成酶与代谢酶的表达水平。因此，本文对运动干预通过调节eCBs、CBR及合成酶与代谢酶来改善PD相关运动功能障碍的研究现状进行综述，以期为PD治疗药物研发及无创舒适的物理性疗法的改进和推广提供参考。

通讯作者：陈平 , Email:stemph2021@163.com

Research progress in the prevention and treatment of Parkinson’s disease motor symptoms mediated by the endocannabinoid system

LIU Shu-Min , CHEN Ping^* , ZHANG Kai , HUANG Liu-Ting , YANG Quan , ZENG Yuan

College of Sports Science, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China

Abstract:

Components of the endocannabinoid system are highly expressed in the basal ganglia and interact with dopamine, glutamic acid, and γ-aminobutyric acid energy signal transmission systems. Excessive activation of the striatal indirect pathway in Parkinson’s disease is associated with impaired ECS, and ECS-related drug therapy can improve motor dysfunction in PD, as well as exert anti-Glu excitotoxic and neuroprotective effects. Different exercise therapies have positive  effects on relieving PD-related motor dysfunction, and affect the expression levels of endocannabinoids, cannabinoid receptor  type, synthetases and metabolic enzymes. Therefore, this article reviews the current research status of exercise intervention to  improve PD-related motor dysfunction by regulating eCBs, CBR and synthetases and metabolic enzymes in order to provide a reference for the research and development of PD therapeutic drugs and the improvement and promotion of noninvasive and  comfortable physical therapy.

Communication Author：CHEN Ping , Email:stemph2021@163.com