《生命科学》 2025, 37(10): 1350-1359

基因组时代我国濒危兽类物种界定研究进展

谷桐桐^* , 朱万龙

云南师范大学生命科学学院，昆明 650500

摘　要：

濒危兽类的保护规划必须基于对物种数量、多样性和特有性的深入理解，而这一理解只有在科学的分类学框架下才具备实际意义。物种界定作为现代生物学中最具争议的领域之一，在“物种”概念的定义与应用的各个方面几乎都存在广泛分歧。近年来，基因组学技术快速发展，为解析物种多样性及濒危机制提供了前所未有的机遇。中国是世界上哺乳动物数量最多的国家之一，拥有丰富的兽类资源，包括大熊猫、白鱀豚、川金丝猴、藏羚羊等特有种和旗舰种。本文系统回顾了基于基因组学手段厘清我国濒危兽类分类争议的研究进展，重点讨论了代表类群(食肉目、鳞甲目和鲸偶蹄目) 在物种界定、演化历史以及遗传现状等方面的成果，并展望了未来的发展趋势，以期进一步推动我国濒危兽类多样性保护的发展。

通讯作者：谷桐桐 , Email:240041@ynnu.edu.cn

Research advance on species delimitation of threatened mammals in China in the genomic era

GU Tong-Tong^* , ZHU Wan-Long

School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China

Abstract:

The conservation planning for threatened mammals must be based on a deep understanding of species number, diversity and endemism, which only has practical significance within a scientific taxonomic framework. Species delimitation is one of the most congested areas in modern biology, with widespread disagreement about almost every aspect of the definition and implementation of the "species" label. In recent years, the rapid development of genomics technology has provided unprecedented opportunities for analyzing species diversity and endangered mechanisms. China is one of the countries with the largest number of mammals in the world, possessing abundant animal resources, including endemic and flagship species such as Giant panda, Baiji dolphin, Snub-nosed monkey, and Tibetan antelope. This article systematically reviews the research advance on clarifying the classification disputes of threatened mammals in China based on genomics methods, focusing on the achievements of representative taxa (Carnivora, Pholidota, and Cetartidactyla) in species delimitation, evolution history, and genetic status, and looks forward to the future development trends, aiming to promote the conservation of threatened mammal diversity in China.

Communication Author：GU Tong-Tong , Email:240041@ynnu.edu.cn