《生命科学》 2025, 37(9): 1109-1117

超级增强子在肝细胞癌中致癌机制和治疗靶点的研究进展

孙璟琦¹ , 欧斯尔旺¹ , 姚明辉¹ , 李梦佳^1,2,*

¹新疆医科大学基础医学院生物学教研室，乌鲁木齐 830017 ²新疆地方病分子生物学重点实验室，乌鲁木齐 830017

摘　要：

肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC) 是全球癌症相关死亡最普遍和最具破坏性的原因之一，由于其在诊断和治疗方面面临重大挑战，现已对全球健康构成重大威胁。超级增强子(super-enhancers, SEs)是基因组非编码序列中主动触发转录的大型增强子簇，它们错综复杂的结构和在决定细胞身份以及促进肿瘤发生和进展方面的关键作用正日益受到关注。在HCC 中，SEs 已被确定为肿瘤发生和进展的关键参与者。然而，很少有研究系统地讨论SEs 在HCC 中的关键作用。因此，本文综述了SEs 的结构特点、功能及其在HCC 进展中的作用，并且分析了SEs 靶向治疗的应用前景，以期为癌症治疗提供新的思路。

通讯作者：李梦佳 , Email:mengjiali@xjmu.edu.cn

Advances in carcinogenesis and therapeutic targets of super-enhancers in hepatocellular carcinoma

SUN Jing-Qi¹ , OU Si-Er-Wang¹ , YAO Ming-Hui¹ , LI Meng-Jia^1,2,*

¹Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China ²Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Endemic Diseases, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China

Abstract:

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks among the most prevalent and lethal malignancies globally, representing a major contributor to worldwide cancer-related mortality. The diagnosis and treatment of HCC poses significant challenges, rendering it a critical globle public health issue. Super-enhancers (SEs), the large clusters of genomic enhancers situated in non-coding regions, play a pivotal role in governing transcriptional regulation. Their complex structural organization and essential role in defining cellular identity, combined with their   contribution to tumorigenesis and disease progression, have attracted significant scientific interest. In the context of HCC, SEs are acting a critical role in tumor development and progression. However, current research remains insufficient in systematically examining the fundamental role of SEs in HCC. This review aims to examine the structural characteristics and functional mechanisms of SEs in HCC progression, while investing potential therapeutic strategies targeting SEs. Through this comprehensive analysis, we seek to advance innovative perspectives for  oncological intervention by elucidating SE-mediated oncogenic pathways.

Communication Author：LI Meng-Jia , Email:mengjiali@xjmu.edu.cn