《生命科学》 2025, 37(7): 878-885

蛋白质研究驱动的生物质谱技术发展

曾　嵘^1,2,*

¹中国科学院上海高等研究院国家蛋白质科学研究(上海)设施，上海 201210 ²上海临床研究中心，上海科技大学，上海 201210

摘　要：

质谱(mass spectrometry) 是一种将分子离子化并根据其质荷比(m/z) 进行分离和检测的分析技术，可对物质进行精确的定性和定量。质谱技术应用于生物大分子尤其是蛋白质分析，形成了生物质谱的技术体系。可以说，生物质谱技术发展的很多里程碑是以蛋白质研究挑战为核心驱动力的，生物质谱技术的每一次突破，也加深了研究者对蛋白质结构和行为的理解。本文将对蛋白质研究驱动的生物质谱技术做一概述，包括质谱技术的发展历史和技术框架、生物质谱技术的前沿进展、生物质谱技术应用热点和趋势以及我国生物质谱技术的发展。

通讯作者：曾　嵘 , Email:zengrong@shanghaitech.edu.cn

Protein research-driven biological mass spectrometry

ZENG Rong^1,2,*

¹National Facility for Protein Science (Shanghai), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China ²Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China

Abstract:

Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique that ionizes molecules, then separates and detects them according to their mass-charge ratio, which can accurately characterize and quantify substances. Biological mass spectrometry technology is now widely applied to the analysis of biological macromolecules, especially proteins. Many milestones in the development of biological mass spectrometry are driven by protein research challenges. Every breakthrough in biological mass spectrometry technology has deepened the understanding of the structure and behavior of proteins. This review will give a description of protein research-driven biological mass spectrometry technology, including the history and technical framework of mass spectrometry, the frontier progress of biological mass spectrometry, the application hotspots and trends as well as the development of biological mass spectrometry technology in China.

Communication Author：ZENG Rong , Email:zengrong@shanghaitech.edu.cn