《生命科学》 2025, 37(6): 645-655

脑类器官电生理研究进展

鲍双庆 , 常哲瀚 , 胡　楠 , 陈梦梦 , 李晓红^*

天津大学医学工程与转化医学研究院，天津 300072

摘　要：

脑类器官是一种新兴的脑发育和脑疾病研究模型，包含人脑特有的一些细胞类型和结构特征，同时具有神经细胞和组织功能分析的电生理学特征。神经电生理活动是神经元发挥功能的重要标志。脑类器官的电生理信号与人脑电生理相似，其电生理信号的分析和解码能够反映人脑早期网络动力学，为探究人脑发育、疾病建模和药物筛选等提供重要参考。脑类器官的电生理学研究对充分发挥其应用潜力至关重要。本文回顾了脑类器官的发展及其电生理表现，综述了体外电生理检测方法的主要进展，并讨论了体内移植策略对脑类器官电生理的改善效果。最后，对脑类器官电生理学研究的挑战进行了总结和展望。

通讯作者：李晓红 , Email:xhli18@tju.edu.cn

Electrophysiological research progress of brain organoids

BAO Shuang-Qing , CHANG Zhe-Han , HU Nan , CHEN Meng-Meng , LI Xiao-Hong^*

School of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

Abstract:

Brain organoids represent a novel model system for the study of brain development and diseases, exhibiting a range of cell types and structural characteristics that are distinct to the human brain. These organoids also possess electrophysiological features, which are crucial for the analysis of neuronal cell and tissue function. Neurophysiological activity serves as a vital indicator of neuronal function. The electrophysiological signals exhibited by brain organoids bear a resemblance to those observed in the human brain. The analysis and decoding of these signals can offer insights into the early network dynamics of the human brain, thereby serving as valuable references for research endeavors focused on brain development, disease modeling, and drug screening. The comprehensive electrophysiological study of brain organoids is imperative to fully harness their potential applications. This paper reviews the development of brain organoids and their electrophysiological performance, summarizes the major advances in in vitro electrophysiological detection methods, and discusses the effects of in vivo transplantation strategies on the improvement of brain organoid electrophysiology. It concludes with a summary and outlook on the challenges of brain organoid electrophysiology research.

Communication Author：LI Xiao-Hong , Email:xhli18@tju.edu.cn