《生命科学》 2025, 37(3): 304-312

NLRP3炎症小体在肝脏疾病中的研究进展

曹丽丽 , 额尔德木图 , 莲　花 , 布仁其其格 , 王羚鸿 , 赵林昀 , 马春丽^* , 包玉龙^*

内蒙古医科大学，呼和浩特 010000

摘　要：

核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体含pyrin 结构域蛋白3 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3, NLRP3) 炎症小体作为一种关键的多蛋白复合体，在肝脏疾病 的发病机制中发挥重要作用。本文综述了NLRP3 炎症小体的激活机制及其与急性肝损伤、肝纤维化、非酒精性脂肪性肝病、酒精性肝病和肝细胞癌等疾病的关联，强调了NLRP3 抑制剂在治疗肝脏疾病中的潜力。尽管已有多种NLRP3 抑制剂在实验模型中展现出良好的疗效，但其临床应用仍面临挑战。NLRP3 炎症小体的异常激活与多种肝脏疾病密切相关，深入理解其作用机制对于开发新型防治手段具有重要价值。未来的研究应关注NLRP3 的调控机制及个性化治疗方案的开发，以期为肝脏疾病的治疗提供新的方向。

通讯作者：马春丽 , Email:ma200614127@126.com 包玉龙 , Email:472689713@qq.com

Reasearch progress of NLRP3 inflammasome in liver diseases

CAO Li-Li , E ER DE Mu-Tu , LIAN Hua , BU REN Qi-Qi-Ge , WANG Ling-Hong , ZHAO Lin-Yun , MA Chun-Li^* , BAO Yu-Long^*

Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot 010000, China

Abstract:

The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3
(NLRP3) inflammasome is a key multiprotein complex that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. This article describes the activation mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome and its association with acute liver injury, hepatic fibrosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as the potential of NLRP3 inhibitors in the treatment of liver diseases. Although a variety of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors have shown good efficacy in experimental models, there are still challenges in clinical application. Abnormal activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is closely related to a variety of liver diseases, so in-depth understanding of its mechanism is of great value for the development of novel prevention and treatment methods. In the future, we should pay more attention to the regulatory mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome and the development of personalized treatment, hoping to provide a new direction for the treatment of liver diseases.

Communication Author：MA Chun-Li , Email:ma200614127@126.com BAO Yu-Long , Email:472689713@qq.com