《生命科学》 2025, 37(2): 118-129

病毒感染调控线粒体自噬的研究进展

兰文静 , 段续接 , 刘　芮 , 刘淑英^*

内蒙古农业大学兽医学院，农业农村部动物临床诊疗技术重点实验室， 内蒙古自治区基础兽医学重点实验室，呼和浩特 010018

摘　要：

线粒体是真核细胞中重要的功能性细胞器，维持其正常形态和功能是保证细胞各种生理活动的必要过程。线粒体自噬能够清除多余或受损的线粒体，参与机体的许多生理和病理过程，在控制线粒体质量和抵御病毒感染方面发挥重要的作用。然而，近年来，在线粒体自噬相关领域的研究中发现，一些病毒在与宿主持续共进化的过程中已经发展出不同的策略来操纵宿主细胞的线粒体自噬过程，从而实现免疫逃逸和自身复制，以维持病毒的持续性感染，进而影响相关疾病的发生发展。本文分别从线粒体自噬的激活途径、病毒感染介导线粒体自噬以及病毒调控线粒体自噬促进自身复制的机制等方面进行综述，旨在阐述病毒介导线粒体自噬的机制及为抗病毒感染提供理论指导。

通讯作者：刘淑英 , Email:liushuying_imau@126.com

Advances in the mechanism of viral infection-regulated mitophagy

LAN Wen-Jing , DUAN Xu-Jie , LIU Rui , LIU Shu-Ying^*

Key Laboratory of Basic Veterinary Medicine Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Key Laboratory of Animal Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China

Abstract:

Mitochondria are important functional organelles in eukaryotic cells, and the maintenance of their normal morphology and function is a necessary process to ensure that the cells carry out various physiological activities. Mitochondrial autophagy removes excess or damaged mitochondria and participates in many physiological and pathological processes in the organism, playing an important role in controlling mitochondrial quality and resisting viral infections. However, in recent years, studies have revealed that some viruses have developed different strategies to manipulate the mitochondrial autophagy process of host cells for immune escape and self-replication in the course of their continuous co-evolution with the host, thus maintaining the persistence of viral infection and in turn affecting the development of related diseases. In this paper, we review the activation pathways of mitochondrial autophagy, virus infection-mediated mitochondrial autophagy, and viral regulation of mitochondrial autophagy to promote self-replication, aiming to elaborate the mechanism of virus-mediated mitochondrial autophagy and provide theoretical guidance for the fight against viral infections.

Communication Author：LIU Shu-Ying , Email:liushuying_imau@126.com