《生命科学》 2024, 36(12): 1552-1561

苔藓植物在重金属胁迫响应及污染监测方面的研究进展

朱永琪^* , 冯兰兰 , 赵子帆 , 乔力番·阿布都热西提 , 刘黎攀 , 菲如扎·吐尔逊

新疆大学生命科学与技术学院，新疆生物资源基因工程重点实验室，乌鲁木齐 830000

摘　要：

近年来，重金属污染已然是全世界主要环境问题之一，其对生物体的健康和生态系统的稳定都造成了严重威胁。苔藓植物作为逆境中的先锋者，体型矮小、结构简单，叶片仅有单层细胞，没有真正的根和维管组织，主要从空气中获取营养，对环境变化十分敏感，因此被认为是最好的环境指示物，故利用苔
藓植物作为生态监测物种。然而，不同种的苔藓植物对不同类型的重金属离子的敏感程度和富集量不一致，因此，本文综述了苔藓植物在环境监测方面的应用，阐述了不同种的苔藓植物对不同重金属的吸附特性，归纳了重金属胁迫下苔藓植物的生长、生理特性及分子水平的变化规律，并对未来研究方向予以展望，有助于进一步开发和利用苔藓植物。

通讯作者：朱永琪 , Email:yongqizhu@xju.edu.cn

Research progress of bryophytes on heavy metal enrichment and stress response and pollution monitoring

ZHU Yong-Qi^* , FENG Lan-Lan , ZHAO Zi-Fan , JOLIFAN Abduresiti , LIU Li-Pan , FERUZA Tursun

Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China

Abstract:

In recent years, heavy metal pollution has been the major environmental problems in the world, which caused serious threats to the health of organisms and the  stability of ecosystems. Bryophytes are pioneers for small
in size and simple in structure, with only a single layer of  cells in the leaves, without root and vascular tissue. They
absorb nutrients from the air, and are sensitive to  environmental changes, so they are considered to be the best environmental indicators. Therefore, bryophytes were utilized as ecological monitoring species. However, the sensitivity and enrichment of different species of bryophytes to different heavy metal ions are not consistent. Therefore, this paper reviews the application of bryophytes in environmental monitoring, and expounds the adsorption characteristics of different species of bryophytes to different heavy metals. The growth, physiological properties of bryophytes under heavy metal stress were summarized, and the future research direction was prospected, which will be beneficial for the further development and utilization of bryophytes as environmental indicators.

Communication Author：ZHU Yong-Qi , Email:yongqizhu@xju.edu.cn