《生命科学》 2024, 36(12): 1458-1469

微生物源性辐射防护剂的研究进展

阮　迪^1,2 , 张　璐^2,3,4 , 张怡洋^2,3,4 , 刘　阳^2,3,5 , 王定坤⁶ , 刘光琇^2,4 , 张　威^2,4 , 张松林^1,* , 章高森^2,4,*

¹西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院，兰州 730070 ²中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院甘肃省极端 环境微生物重点实验室，兰州 730000 ³中国科学院大学，北京 100049 ⁴中国科学院西北生态环境资 源研究院干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室，兰州 730000 ⁵中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究 院冰冻圈科学与冻土工程重点实验室，兰州 730000 ⁶华南农业大学生命科学学院，广州 510642

摘　要：

随着辐射技术的广泛应用，辐射损伤防护与医疗的研究与需求与日俱增。辐射损伤防护剂是救治与防护辐射损伤最为有效和直接的手段之一。以往的辐射损伤防护产品的研发都是从动植物着手或者化学合成获得，少以微生物为研究对象。微生物是地球上抗辐射能力最强的生命形式之一，是研发辐射损伤防
护剂的理想对象和产品来源。为此，本文聚焦微生物源性辐射损伤防护剂的研究进展，系统综述了细菌、真菌和古菌源性辐射损伤防护剂的研究现状，着重分析了伪枝藻素(scytonemin)、黑色素(melanin)、类菌胞素氨基酸(MAAs)、锰十肽抗氧化剂(MDP)、CBLB502- 恩托莫德和类胡萝卜素等的抗氧化与抗辐射等功能，并较为深入地分析了存在的问题，进而提出了未来可能的研究方向，以期为研发新型微生物源性辐射防护剂提供参考依据。

通讯作者：张松林 , Email:zhangsonglin65@nwnu.edu.cn 章高森 , Email:gaosenzhang@hotmail.com

Research progress of microbially derived radiation protection agents

RUAN Di^1,2 , ZHANG Lu^2,3,4 , ZHANG Yi-Yang^2,3,4 , LIU Yang^2,3,5 , WANG Ding-Kun⁶ , LIU Guang-Xiu^2,4 , ZHANG Wei^2,4 , ZHANG Song-Lin^1,* , ZHANG Gao-Sen^2,4,*

¹College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China ²Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China ³University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China ⁴Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China ⁵Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China ⁶College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

Abstract:

The increasing prevalence of radiation technology has led to a parallel rise in the research and demand for radiation damage protection and medical treatments. Radiation damage protection agents represent one of the most effective and direct means of saving and protecting  against radiation damage. In the past, research and development of radiation damage protection products has been based on plants, animals, chemical synthesis, and microorganisms. Nevertheless, microorganisms have seldom been employed as research subjects. It is certain thatone of the Earth's most radiation-resistant life forms is microorganism. Consequently, they are an ideal target and source for the development of radiation damage protection agents. The objective of this review is to provide insight into the current state of research in the field of radiation damage protection agents of microbial origin, with an emphasis on the specific research progress and current status of radiation damage protection agents of bacterial, fungal, and archaeal origin. In particular, functions of antioxidant and anti-radiation agents are analysed, including pseudohyphae, melanin, MAAs, MDP, CBLB502, and carotenoids. Furthermore, we present an in-depth analysis of the existing problems and targeted research directions, aiming to provide a scientific basis for the research and development of new microbial-derived radiation protection agents.

Communication Author：ZHANG Song-Lin , Email:zhangsonglin65@nwnu.edu.cn ZHANG Gao-Sen , Email:gaosenzhang@hotmail.com