《生命科学》 2024, 36(7): 867-876

小窝/小窝蛋白在病毒入侵宿主细胞中的作用研究进展

连瑞雅^1,2 , 窦雪儿¹ , 李莎莎² , 李慧霞^1,* , 冯若飞^1,2,*

¹西北民族大学生物医学研究中心，生物工程与技术国家民委重点实验室， 兰州 730030 ²西北民族大学生命科学与工程学院，兰州 730030

摘　要：

小窝(caveolae) 是质膜上的一种多形态膜内陷结构，在哺乳动物细胞中广泛分布。小窝中承担主要功能的是小窝蛋白-1 (caveolin-1, Cav-1)。除了发挥机械保护、脂质稳态和运输调节、囊泡转运以及信号转导等生物学功能以外，小窝和小窝蛋白还涉及肿瘤、心血管疾病和糖尿病等多种疾病的发生。值得注意的是，越来越多的证据表明小窝/ 小窝蛋白参与病毒感染，尤其是介导病毒侵入宿主细胞的过程，但其作用机制尚不明确，仍是该领域内研究的热点。基于此，本文对小窝/ 小窝蛋白结构、功能及其在病毒入侵宿主细胞中作用机制的研究现状展开综述，为进一步揭示小窝介导病毒入侵的机制和研发感染早期抗病毒药物提供理论依据。

通讯作者：李慧霞 , Email:lihui.xia@163.com 冯若飞 , Email:fengruofei@xbmu.edu.cn

Research progress on the mechanism of viral endocytosis mediated by caveolae/caveolin

LIAN Rui-Ya^1,2 , DOU Xue-Er¹ , LI Sha-Sha² , LI Hui-Xia^1,* , FENG Ruo-Fei^1,2,*

¹Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China ²College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China

Abstract:

Caveolae is a polymorphic membrane invagination structure on plasma membrane, which is widely distributed in mammalian cells. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) plays a major role in the structure of caveolae. In addition to some biological processes, such as mechanical protection, regulation of lipid homeostasis and transport, vesicle transport, and signal transduction, caveolae/caveolin is also involved in the occurrences of many diseases, such as tumors, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. Accumulating evidences have shown that  caveolae/caveolin participates in viral infection processes, especially mediating viral invasion into host cells. But the molecular mechanism of caveolin in viral invasion is still unclear, which is still a hotspot in antiviral research. Based on that, our paper reviews the research on the structure and function of  caveolae/caveolin, and its regulatory mechanism on viral endocytosis, so as to provide a theoretical basis for further elucidating the molecular mechanism of caveolaemediated viral endocytosis and developing new drugs for early stage of viral infection.

Communication Author：LI Hui-Xia , Email:lihui.xia@163.com FENG Ruo-Fei , Email:fengruofei@xbmu.edu.cn