《生命科学》 2024, 36(4): 467-476

阿尔茨海默病相关免疫炎症反应的研究进展

于佳欣^1,2 , 林　淼^1,2 , 张文轩^1,2 , 劳凤学¹ , 黄汉昌^1,2,*

¹北京联合大学功能因子与脑科学研究院，北京 100023 ²北京联合大学天然产物开发与创新药物研究重点实验室，北京 100023

摘　要：

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease, AD) 是一种慢性神经退行性疾病，其病理特征表现为细胞内呈现神经原纤维缠结和细胞外形成淀粉样斑块。越来越多的证据表明，包括神经炎症在内的炎症反应可能在AD 发病机制中发挥重要作用。机体的免疫细胞在感知外界刺激后，释放出的各类细胞因子正是诱发炎症反应和AD 早期症状的关键因素。本文总结了在AD 发展过程中，一些免疫细胞如小胶质细胞、巨噬细胞、单核细胞和中性粒细胞参与AD 初期病理特征发展的机制，探讨不同免疫细胞在AD 发生发展中的作用，以加深我们对先天免疫系统与AD 发病机制之间关系的认识。

通讯作者：黄汉昌 , Email:hanchang@buu.edu.cn

Research progress on immunoinflammatory responses related to the development of Alzheimer's disease

YU Jia-Xin^1,2 , LIN Miao^1,2 , ZHANG Wen-Xuan^1,2 , LAO Feng-Xue¹ , HUANG Han-Chang^1,2,*

¹Institute of Functional Factors and Brain Sciences, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China ²Key Laboratory of Natural Products Development and Innovative Drug Research, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China

Abstract:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and extracellular amyloid plaques. There is increasing evidence that inflammatory responses, including neuroinflammation, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. Various cytokines released by the body's immune cells after sensing external stimuli are the key factors in inducing inflammation and early symptoms of AD. Neuroinflammation eventually leads to neurodegeneration and AD. In this paper, we summarize the mechanism of certain immune cells such as microglia, macrophages, monocytes and neutrophils involving in the development of the initial pathological features of AD during the development of AD, and further explore the role of different immune cells in the occurrence and development of AD, so as to deepen our understanding of the relationship between the innate immune system and the pathogenesis of AD.

Communication Author：HUANG Han-Chang , Email:hanchang@buu.edu.cn