《生命科学》 2024, 36(3): 399-410

调控睡眠-觉醒的分子细胞和脑网络机制探讨

尹楚慧¹ , 高稚凡¹ , 刘晏君² , 杜镜鉴³ , 余立晗³ , 曾　燕^1,2 , 梅宇飞^1,2,*

¹武汉科技大学脑科学先进技术研究院，武汉 430065 ²职业危害识别与控制 湖北省重点实验室，武汉 430065 ³武汉科技大学医学院，武汉 430065

摘　要：

睡眠是影响人体健康的重要因素，睡眠失调易引起多种生理和心理疾病。睡眠稳态既受外界因素( 昼夜变化、饮食和温度) 影响，亦受内在系统( 分子钟和促睡眠/ 觉醒神经元) 调控。细胞内有CLOCK、PER、CRY、NPAS2 和BMAL1 等分子周期性变化控制生物节律；脑内有基底前脑、丘脑、下丘脑、脑桥和延髓等神经元群体特异性地抑制或促进睡眠与觉醒，各核团之间通过突触连接形成神经网络启动和维持觉醒、非快速眼动睡眠和快速眼动睡眠。睡眠障碍普遍存在，本综述将针对调控生物体睡眠- 觉醒的分子、细胞和脑网络机制展开讨论，为防治睡眠障碍类疾病提供新的思路。

通讯作者：梅宇飞 , Email:yufeimei@wust.edu.cn

Review on the molecular, cellular and circuit-level mechanisms of sleep-wake regulation

YIN Chu-Hui¹ , GAO Zhi-Fan¹ , LIU Yan-Jun² , DU Jing-Jian³ , YU Li-Han³ , ZENG Yan^1,2 , MEI Yu-Fei^1,2,*

¹Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China ²Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan 430065, China ³Wuhan University of Science and Technology Medical School, Wuhan 430065, China

Abstract:

Sleep is an important contributing factor for human health, sleep disorders are prone to cause a variety of physiological and psychological diseases. Sleep homeostasis is influenced by both external factors (circadian rhythm, diet and temperature) and intrinsic systems (molecular clock and sleep/wake prompting neurons). Within the cell, intracellular molecules such as CLOCK, PER, CRY, NPAS2 and BMAL1 modulate circadian rhythm. Secondly, neuronal assemblies in the basal forebrain, thalamus, hypothalamus, pons, and medulla oblongata specifically inhibit or initiate sleep and wakefulness; neuronal assemblies connect with synaptic connections that specifically regulate the initiation and maintenance of wakefulness, non-rapid eye movement sleep and rapid eye movement sleep. Sleep disorders are commonly existed in people with irregular lifestyles. In this review, we discuss the molecular, cellular and neural circuit mechanisms underlying sleep-wakefulness regulation, which will provide new insights for sleep-disorder diseases.

Communication Author：MEI Yu-Fei , Email:yufeimei@wust.edu.cn