《生命科学》 2024, 36(1): 72-80

2023年合成生物学在健康与医药领域的应用

刘　晓¹ , 薛　淮² , 颜　韬^1,3 , 张学博¹ , 赵　超⁴ , 熊　燕^1,*

¹中国科学院上海生命科学信息中心，中国科学院上海营养与健康研究所，上海 200031 ²中国科学院学部工作局， 北京 100190 ³中国科学院大学，北京 100049 ⁴天津大学生物安全战略研究中心，天津大学化工学院，天津 300072

摘　要：

自21 世纪初以来，高通量DNA 测序、大规模DNA 合成与组装、高效率基因组编辑等技术不断取得突破，推动合成生物学“读- 编- 写”进入高通量、自动化的时代，已经开始影响或应用于生物医药、材料化工、农业、食品、能源、环境保护等多个领域。在健康与医药领域，合成生物学研究成果和技术创新可以在认识生命规律的基础上，解析疾病发生发展机制、寻找药物设计靶点、干预自然的生理代谢过程与机体的免疫应答机制、实现对人体生理状态的监测以及对疾病的诊断与治疗，从而深刻影响医疗模式、诊疗体系和生命健康产业。该文对2023 年合成生物学在健康与医药领域的规划布局、研发进展和产业发展进行了系统性的梳理，并展望了该领域未来更广泛的应用前景。

通讯作者：熊　燕 , Email:yxiong@sinh.ac.cn

Application of synthetic biology in health and medicine in 2023

LIU Xiao¹ , XUE Huai² , YAN Tao^1,3 , ZHANG Xue-Bo¹ , ZHAO Chao⁴ , XIONG Yan^1,*

¹Shanghai Information Center for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China ²Academic Divisions, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China ³University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China ⁴Center for Biosafety Research and Strategy, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

Abstract:

Since the 21st century, high-throughput DNA sequencing, large-scale DNA synthesis and assembly, and high-efficiency genome editing have made continuous breakthroughs, pushing the "read-edit-write" of synthetic biology into an era of high-throughput and automation, and have begun to affect or be applied in many fields such as biomedicine, material chemistry, agriculture, food, energy, environmental protection, etc. In health and medicine, on the basis of understanding the laws of life, the research and technological innovations of synthetic biology can analyze the mechanism of disease, find drug design targets, intervene in natural physiological metabolic processes and immune response mechanisms, achieve the monitoring of human physiological state and the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, which will profoundly affect the medical models, diagnosis and treatment systems, and the health and medicine industry. This article systematically reviews the strategic planning, research and development,
and industrial progress of global synthetic biology in the field of health and medicine in 2023, and looks forward to the future development prospects of this broader application.

Communication Author：XIONG Yan , Email:yxiong@sinh.ac.cn