《生命科学》 2023, 35(12): 1613-1629
湖泊微生物群落及其介导的碳循环过程
摘 要：
湖泊微生物维系着湖泊生态系统功能的平衡，是生物地球化学循环的重要驱动者和全球变化的调节器。伴随着现代分子生态学技术革新和大数据时代的快速发展，湖泊微生物群落组成、驱动要素以及介导碳循环功能等方面的研究取得长足进展。本文首先回顾湖泊微生物的发展历程，发现该领域的研究备受瞩目，文章发表数呈逐年增加的态势；随后，综述湖泊微生物群落的主要物种组成，探讨了微生物群落沿纬度、海拔和水深等自然地理梯度的分布格局，揭示其对温度和盐度等环境因素的响应特征，总结微生物介导的湖泊碳固定、碳降解和甲烷循环等典型生物地球化学过程；最后，重点展望湖泊生态系统中的物种-面积关系和距离衰减规律等基本生态学理论、跨生态系统之间的相互作用、生物多样性与生态系统功能的关系，以及新兴污染物等研究领域的前沿热点科学问题。相关综述成果为湖泊微生物多样性保护和全球碳减排决策提供理论参考。
通讯作者：王建军 , Email:jjwang@niglas.ac.cn
Abstract:
Lake microbes play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of lake ecosystem functions, as well as driving biogeochemical cycles and regulating global change. With the advent of modern technological innovations in molecular ecology and the era of big data, significant progress has been made in understanding the composition of lake microbial communities and their functions in mediating the carbon cycle. This article begins by reviewing the development of lake microbiology and finds that research in this field has received significant attention, with the number of published articles showing a year-on-year increasing trend. Research has revealed the main species composition of lake microbial communities and their distribution patterns along natural geographical gradients, such as latitude, altitude, and water depth. Moreover, their response to environmental factors like temperature and salinity has been investigated. This review also summarizes the role of lake microbes in mediating carbon fixation, carbon degradation, and methane cycling. Additionally, the paper explores fundamental ecological theories related to lake ecosystems, including species-area relationships, distance decay patterns, meta-ecosystem interactions, the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function, and the impact of emerging pollutants. The findings from this review provide theoretical references for the conservation of microbial diversity in lakes and inform global
carbon reduction decisions.
Communication Author：WANG Jian-Jun , Email:jjwang@niglas.ac.cn
