《生命科学》 2023, 35(10): 1322-1327
蛋白纳米颗粒与细胞力电平衡
摘 要：
人体细胞的生命活动依赖于膜电位极化和胞内外离子不对称动态平衡( 也称生物渗透压平衡)。膜电位改变及离子含量组成变化均参与了细胞对环境理化刺激的应激反应，调控其对环境改变的适应。最近的研究发现：人体血浆及细胞内的蛋白纳米颗粒变化参与了细胞膜电位的调控，与细胞内外离子的重新分布及跨膜渗透压的改变密切相关。电压依赖离子通道的激活及开放程度，是诱导细胞离子重新分布的重要调控机制，其活性与蛋白纳米颗粒调控的膜电位改变密切相关，且离子组成也参与了蛋白纳米颗粒吸附离子诱导膜电位变化的调节。因而，蛋白纳米颗粒是调控细胞膜电位平衡及生物渗透压平衡的重要物理机制，这一协同调控的力电活动与多种与蛋白纳米颗粒相关疾病的发生及治疗密切相关，该机制的阐明能为解析当前多种临床疑难疾病的发病机制提出新的研究方向。
通讯作者：郭 军 , Email:guoj@njucm.edu.cn
Abstract:
The vital activity of human cells depends on membrane potential polarization and the asymmetric dynamic balance of intracellular and extracellular ions (also known as bio-osmotic pressure balance). Changes in membrane potential and ion composition have effects in how cells respond to physical and chemical stimuli, regulating their adaptation to environmental changes. Recent studies have shown that protein nanoparticle alterations in human plasma and cells are crucial in the regulation of cellular membrane potential, which is closely related to the intra/extracellular ions redistribution and transmembrane osmotic pressure changes. The activation and degree of opening of voltage-dependent ion channels are important regulatory mechanisms for inducing ions redistribution. Their activity is closely related to the alteration of membrane potential regulated by protein nanoparticles. In addition, the ion composition influences the changes of membrane potential induced by protein nanoparticle adsorbing ions. Thus, protein nanoparticles are important physical mechanisms for regulating cellular membrane potential and osmotic pressure balance. This synergistic regulation of electromechanical activity has a direct impact on the occurrence and treatment of various diseases associated with protein nanoparticles. The discovery of this mechanism may open up a new avenue of investigation into the pathophysiology of challenging clinical disorders.
Communication Author：GUO Jun , Email:guoj@njucm.edu.cn
