《生命科学》 2023, 35(10): 1279-1287
组织/器官移植后血管重建的研究进展
摘 要：
本文针对组织/ 器官移植后血管重建相关的问题进行了综述，从组织移植( 包括人工和天然组织)到器官移植( 包括人工和天然的器官)，所得结论是不能及时有效建立移植物与宿主之间的血液循环网络是导致移植失败的最主要原因。文章介绍了在不同移植情况下移植物与宿主间相互作用导致血管循环系统重建的研究进展。移植物包括了组织移植和器官移植，文章对人工组织/ 器官和自然组织/ 器官的优缺点和应用前景进行了综述。作为特例，本文比较详细报道了我们团队近些年来开展的通过移植鹿茸干细胞组织(antlerogenic periosteum, AP) 诱导异位或异体鹿茸生成的研究。AP 是鹿茸发生的组织基础，如果将AP 移植到鹿体其他部位的皮下就能发起异位生茸，如果移植到裸鼠的皮下就能诱导异种生茸。进一步的研究表明，AP 移植如此成功(100%) 是由于其强烈诱导宿主血管内皮细胞快速长进其组织中所分布的、由于机械损伤( 剔除) 导致的血管内皮细胞受损的血管中，迅速构建起嵌合血管网络，使移植的AP 组织能够得到及时的血液灌注。成功鉴别和分离AP 组织中这些内皮细胞诱导因子将对指导临床实现异种/ 异体组织/ 器官移植与宿主快速构建血液循环具有重要意义。同时，本文也对未来本领域的研究方向进行了展望。
通讯作者：李春义 , Email:lichunyi1959@163.com
Abstract:
In this article, we discuss the issues related to the reconstruction of vascular network following
transplantation of artificial and natural tissues/organs. The conclusion is that the failure for the transplantation is mainly resulted from the inability to establish vascular network between the grafts and the recipients in time. We also review the research progress on the establishment process of vascular network through the interactions between the grafts and the transplant site of the recipients. The grafts mainly refer to tissue and organ grafts, and we discribe the pros and cons of using artificial tissue/organ and natural tissue/organ for transplantation, and give perspective for their use in the clinics. Based on the findings that ectopic or xenogeneic deer antlers can be formed through subcutaneous transplantation of antlerogenic periosteum (AP), AP is considered as the tissue basis for initial antler formation. Removal of AP from prepubertal male deer abrogates future antler formation; whereas, subcutaneous transplantation of the AP elsewhere on the deer body induces ectopic antler formation. When a small piece of AP (1/8) is transplanted into a nude mouse, xenogeneic antler is formed. Further research has confirmed that transplanted AP is so successful to induce antler formation (100%) solely because AP has potent ability to attract circulating vascular endothelial cells in the host to lodge in its blood vessels where the AP-origin endothelial cells have undergone apoptosis due to mechanical trauma, through which the chimeric vascular system is rapidly established between the grafts and the hosts. Successful identification and isolation of these putative endothelialcell-recruiting factors would greatly help to realize the establishment of vascular system between the tissue/organ and the recipients within the short critical window period for graft survival in the clinical settings. We also give the perspectives for the field going forward.
Communication Author：LI Chun-Yi , Email:lichunyi1959@163.com
