《生命科学》 2023, 35(3): 360-366

运动奖赏效应及其神经生物学机制的研究进展

牟连伟^1,2,* , 葛未未³ , 王海英⁴ , 邱平学⁴

¹广州体育学院，广州 510500 ²北京体育大学，北京 100084 ³合肥市第四中学，合肥 230061 ⁴河北体育学院，石家庄 050041

摘　要：

身体活动不足已经成为当今社会的公共卫生问题。深入理解运动的奖赏效应及其可能的神经生物学机制，将为改善身体活动不足提供科学有效的干预靶点。本文指出运动是一种典型的自然奖赏行为。大脑奖赏相关的腹侧背盖区- 伏隔核的多巴胺能神经环路、前额叶皮质- 伏隔核的谷氨酸能神经投射、红核-腹侧背盖区的谷氨酸能神经投射是调控运动奖赏效应的关键神经环路机制。此外，多巴胺、内源性大麻素系统和内源性阿片肽等多种神经分子参与了运动奖赏效应的调控。然而，大脑奖赏系统的过度激活将会导致运动成瘾。

通讯作者：牟连伟 , Email:bsumlw140243@126.com

Progress in research on the exercise reward and the neurobiological mechanisms of exercise reward

MU Lian-Wei^1,2,* , GE Wei-Wei³ , WANG Hai-Ying⁴ , QIU Ping-Xue⁴

¹Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China ²Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China ³Hefei No.4 High School, Hefei 230061, China ⁴Hebei Sport University, Shijiazhuang 050041, China

Abstract:

Physical inactivity is recently recognized as a public health problem. Understanding the exercise reward and its neurobiological mechanisms will provide intervention targets for improving physical inactivity. Physical exercise is rewarding. Multiple neural circuits such as the ventral tegmental area-nucleus accumbens, the prefrontal cortex-nucleus accumbens, and the red nucleus ventral tegmental area are involved in the regulation of exercise reward. In addition, dopamine, endocannabinoid system, and endogenous opioid peptides are involved in the regulation of exercise reward. However, over-activation of the brain’s reward system can lead to exercise addiction.

Communication Author：MU Lian-Wei , Email:bsumlw140243@126.com