《生命科学》 2023, 35(3): 296-306

微生物药物在神经系统疾病中的研究进展

李　烨¹ , 王晓艺^1,2 , 刘星吟^1,*

¹南京医科大学基础医学院病原生物系，生殖医学国家重点实验室，江苏省现代病原重点 实验室，南京 211166 ²南京医科大学第一附属医院，临床医学研究院公共实验中心，南京 211166

摘　要：

最近大量的研究表明，肠道微生物与帕金森病、抑郁症、孤独症谱系障碍和阿尔茨海默症等神经系统疾病的发生发展密切相关。其中涉及神经内分泌代谢、神经和免疫等途径，肠道微生物稳态经由以上途径参与大脑功能的维持与调控。反之，脑功能的紊乱也会破坏微生物组成以及肠道屏障的完整性。“肠-微生物- 脑轴”近年来成为神经科学研究的焦点。肠道微生物产生的代谢产物可从肠腔进入人体血液循环系统，通过靶向特定器官、调控信号通路以及配- 受体结合等方式，调控神经系统疾病的发生与发展。针对“肠- 微生物- 脑轴”所研发的多种微生物药物为治疗神经系统疾病打开了新的窗口，然而其具体作用机制仍不明确。本综述介绍微生物药物在神经系统疾病治疗方面的最新研究进展，解析其可能的作用机制，并对未来的研究方向进行展望。

通讯作者：刘星吟 , Email:xingyinliu@njmu.edu.cn

Research progress of microbiome-based medicines in neurological disorders

Li Ye¹ , Wang Xiao-Yi^1,2 , LIU Xing-Yin^1,*

¹Department of Pathogen Microbiology Division, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pathogen of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China ²Core Facility Center, Clinical Medicine Research Institution, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China

Abstract:

In recent years, numerous studies have found a strong correlation between the neurological disorders like Parkinson’s disease, depression, autism spectrum disorder, and Alzheimer’s disease and the gut microbiota. This connection involves neuroendocrine metabolism, neural pathways, and immune pathways. The gut microbiota plays an important role in regulating and maintaining brain function through these pathways, while disruptions in brain function can negatively impact the composition of the microbiota and the integrity of the gut barrier. Consequently, the "gut-microbiota-brain axis" has become a key area of focus in neuroscience research. The metabolites produced by the gut microbiota can enter the bloodstream and influence the occurrence and development of certain diseases by targeting specific organs, regulating signal pathways, and binding to receptors. Although various microbiomebased medicines have been developed to treat neurological disorders, their specific mechanisms of action remain unclear. This review describes the latest research advancements in microbiota-based medicines for treating neurological disorders, explores their potential mechanisms of action, and provides insights into future research directions.

Communication Author：LIU Xing-Yin , Email:xingyinliu@njmu.edu.cn