《生命科学》 2023, 35(3): 277-286

细菌驱动的免疫调控与肿瘤精准治疗

刘兰兰 , 梁锐晶 , 蔡林涛^*

中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院，深圳 518055

摘　要：

精准的靶向性和高的治疗效率是癌症个性化治疗的主要要求。细菌的一个优势在于它们能够靶向肿瘤并优先定植在肿瘤的核心区域。由于细菌具有丰富的病原体相关分子模式，即使在肿瘤免疫抑制微环境中也能有效激活免疫细胞，因此能够增强对肿瘤细胞的特异性免疫识别和消除。更吸引人的是，随着生物工程技术和纳米技术的飞速发展，工程改造细菌可以实现定向遗传重编程、选择性功能重组和精确时空控制，催生了许多创造性的肿瘤精准治疗策略。本文综述了近年来基于细菌驱动在肿瘤免疫调控和精准治疗中的应用及其优点，以期为新型智能给药系统的设计提供参考；还讨论了利用细菌治疗肿瘤目前面临的挑战和未来的前景。

通讯作者：蔡林涛 , Email:lt.cai@siat.ac.cn

Bacteria-driven immune regulation and tumor precision therapy

LIU Lan-Lan , LIANG Rui-Jing , CAI Lin-Tao^*

Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China

Abstract:

Precise targeting and high therapeutic efficiency are the main requirements of personalized cancer therapy. One advantage of bacteria is that they can target tumors and preferentially colonize the core areas of tumors. Due to the abundant pathogen-associated molecular patterns, bacteria can effectively activate immune cells even in the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment, thus enhancing the specific immune recognition and elimination of tumor cells. What's more, with the rapid development of bioengineering technology and nanotechnology, engineered bacteria can achieve directional genetic reprogramming, selective functional recombination and precise spatio-temporal control, which has spawned many creative precision tumor treatment strategies. In this paper, we review the application and advantages of bacteria-driven tumor immune regulation and precision therapy in recent years to provide reference for the design of new intelligent drug delivery system, and also discuss the present challenges and future prospects of using bacteria to treat cancer.

Communication Author：CAI Lin-Tao , Email:lt.cai@siat.ac.cn