《生命科学》 2022, 34(12): 1465-1475

树突状细胞在哮喘慢性气道炎症中的作用

徐玉东 , 陈艳焦 , 汪丽婷 , 魏丹丹 , 王　宇 , 杨永清^*

上海中医药大学附属岳阳中西医结合医院，上海市针灸经络研究所，上海 200030

摘　要：

树突状细胞(dendritic cells, DCs) 作为专职抗原提呈细胞启动了哮喘初次免疫应答，但是DCs 在抗原特异性免疫应答及其引发的哮喘慢性气道炎症反应中的作用存在一定争议，需要重新认识。本文通过综述相关研究，认为DCs 在哮喘中的免疫活性并不局限于启动过敏原诱发的初次免疫应答，DCs 还可以通过激活记忆性T 细胞参与介导抗原特异性免疫应答，并在哮喘慢性气道炎症病理进程中发挥重要作用。此外，在多种因素作用下，哮喘气道DCs 可以分化为具有免疫抑制作用或引起免疫耐受的调节性DCs (DCreg) 或耐受性DCs (tolDC)，抑制哮喘Th2 细胞主导的慢性气道炎症。通过调节气道免疫微环境或细胞内源性信号分子，抑制DCs 在抗原特异性免疫应答中活化记忆性T 细胞的能力，或通过诱导DCreg/tolDC 细胞分化，进而控制慢性气道炎症，将是未来防治哮喘新的重要研究方向。

通讯作者：杨永清 , Email:yyq@shutcm.edu.cn

The role of dendritic cells in the chronic airway inflammation of asthma

XU Yu-Dong , CHEN Yan-Jiao , WANG Li-Ting , WEI Dan-Dan , WANG Yu , YANG Yong-Qing^*

Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China

Abstract:

Although dendritic cells (DCs) as professional antigen-presenting cells initiate the primary immune response in asthma, the role of DCs in the secondary immune response and chronic airway inflammation in asthma is controversial and may need to be clarified. In this review, we summarize and analyze relevant studies and conclude that the immune activity of DCs is not limited to initiating the primary immune response induced by allergens, but is also involved in mediating secondary immune responses by activating memory immune cells. Moreover, we conclude that DCs play a crucial role in the pathology of chronic airway inflammation in asthma. In addition, under the action of various factors, airway DCs can differentiate into regulatory DCs (DCreg) or tolerogenic DCs (tolDC) that have an immunosuppressive effect or cause immune tolerance, inhibiting the chronic asthmatic airway inflammation dominated by Th2 cells. To inhibit the ability of DCs to activate memory T cells in the secondary immune response or induce the differentiation of DCreg/tolDC cells by regulating the airway’s immune microenvironment or endogenous signaling molecules to control chronic airway inflammation will be a new, promising research direction for the prevention and treatment of asthma in future.

Communication Author：YANG Yong-Qing , Email:yyq@shutcm.edu.cn