《生命科学》 2022, 34(8): 1035-1045

植物蛋白通过肠道菌群调节脂质代谢研究进展

徐琪乐^1,2 , 陈　文^1,2 , 米生权^1,2 , 郭俊霞^1,2 , 张艳贞^1,2,*

¹北京联合大学生物化学工程学院食品科学系，北京 100023 ²北京市生物活性物质与功能食品重点实验室，北京 100191

摘　要：

肠道菌群被认为是连接膳食和人体健康的重要桥梁。肠道微生物生态系统的改变可能会导致血脂包括胆固醇水平的变化。在影响肠道菌群的因素中，膳食的影响最为直接和显著。膳食蛋白质含量和种类影响肠道菌群组成结构及其代谢物种类和水平，进而可能影响宿主脂代谢和血脂水平。研究证明，植物蛋白相比动物蛋白表现出很强的降脂、降胆固醇功效。现就植物蛋白调节肠道菌群组成、促进次生代谢物质产生、调控脂代谢相关因子、最终发挥降脂功效的作用途径和作用机制进行探讨，以期构建植物蛋白- 肠道菌群- 血脂水平作用通路，为科学膳食平衡血脂提供有益参考。

通讯作者：张艳贞 , Email:yanzhen@buu.edu.cn

Research progress on plant proteins regulate lipid metabolism through gut flora

XU Qi-Le^1,2 , CHEN Wen^1,2 , MI Sheng-Quan^1,2 , GUO Jun-Xia^1,2 , ZHANG Yan-Zhen^1,2,*

¹Food Science Department, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China ²Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, Beijing 100191, China

Abstract:

The gut flora is considered an important bridge between diet and human health. Alterations in the gut microbial ecosystem may lead to changes in blood lipids, including cholesterol levels. Among the factors affecting gut flora, the effect of diet is the most direct and significant. The content and type of dietary protein affect the composition and structure of gut flora, including the types and levels of its metabolites, which in turn may affect the host’s lipid metabolism and blood lipid levels. Studies have shown that plant protein has a strong lipid-lowering and cholesterol-lowering effect compared to animal protein. In this article, the role and mechanism of plant protein in regulating the composition of gut flora, promoting the production of secondary metabolites, regulating lipid metabolism-related factors, and finally exerting lipid-lowering effect were discussed, to construct the pathways of action of plant proteins, gut flora and blood lipid levels, and provide useful references for scientific diet to balance blood lipids.

Communication Author：ZHANG Yan-Zhen , Email:yanzhen@buu.edu.cn